Dusobanukirwe neza iby’ubwicanyi, ubututsi, ubuhutu, n’ubuterahamwe mu Rwanda.
« Mfite ibitekerezo bibiri nshaka kubagezaho ngo
abantu be kugoreka ukuri bashingiye kunyungu babifiteho cyangwa amoko bakomokamo.
Buri munyarwana uzavuka ejo afite uburenganzira bwo kumenya neza no
gusobanukirwa akarengane.
I. IBIJYANYE
N’ITSEMBABWOKO :
« Ndi umuntu wahizwe ndetse ngirwa ikimuga nzira kwitwa umututsi no kuba inkotanyi. Naje kugira igihe cyo kubikoraho ubushakashatsi buhagije kugirango menye icyo naziraga. Dore ibisubizo nagezeho kandi byafasha abibaza kubyabaye mu Rwanda muri 1994.
1. Ibintu byatangiye ari itsembabanyapolitiki, ariko
mumvugo no mubikorwa ukurikije abo ryahigaga waryita « Itsembankotanyi
n’abazishyigikiye ». Ndibubisobanure.
2. Nyuma y ’iminsi mike ubwicanyi bwahindutse itsembabatutsi babita inkotanyi, babita abashyigikiye inkotanyi, babita abasa n’inkotanyi, babita abishimiye gutsinda kwinkotanyi, n’ibindi byose bireba ubukotanyi.
« Umunsi wa mbere perezida Habyalimana yapfuye ntaramenya n’ibyo aribyo nagiye kubona mbona abaturanyi banjye barimo abahutu n’abatutsi bose barandeba urujisho. Uko tubaririza ngo habaye iki umuntu atazi n’ibyo aribyo, naho abaturanyi iruhande rwanjye aho duhagararanye ngo « ariko se igihugu cyareka mugaturana n’inkotanyi zihora mungendo zijya kureba izindi nkotanyi maze icyo gihugu kikagira amahoro ? ayo magambo nayabwiwe n’umututsi».
Mu ntangiro umuhutu n’umututsi bose bari bahuriye kuguhiga inkotanyi. Ndetse mubihe bya mbere umuturage cyangwa umunyapolitiki wese wari uzwiho ubukotanyi yahise yicwa cyangwa agakizwa n’imana agatorongera yagira amahirwe akabaho. « Aho nahungiye hose nagiye mbona abampigaga abo aribo ndetse nanabonye uko abahutu n’abatutsi bo mumugi cyangwa mugiturage bafatanyije guhiga inkotanyi ».
Aho genocide yatinze gutangira abatutsi n’abahutu
n’interahamwe bose babanaga kuri bariyeri bahiga ari nako barindiriye
inkotanyi ihunga cyangwa isesera ngo n ‘iza bayimene umutwe. « Jye
aho nahungiye uwagiye amerera nabi harimo abatutsi
n’abahutu bafatanije kuko nahunze
kare ariko nkagira ibyago byo kuba nzwi na benshi nk’inkotanyi kandi nkaba
nkomoka mu karere inkotanyi zikambitsemo »
Kubyo nakomeje gushakashakamo mu bushakashatsi bwanjye, Kubasaza n’abakuze bazi iby’inyenzi na revolution bo bari bafite mumitwe ko inkotanyi ari inyenzi zije kubambura ubutegetsi. Kandi izo nyenzi zigizwe n’abatutsi banze kuyoboka ubutegetsi bw’abahutu. Abatutsi bayobotse ingoma z’abahutu ntibari abanzi ahubwo bari abagomba guhabwa ari uko abahutu bamaze gukwirwa. Ibi bikaba bitandukanye n’abigisha ko umuhutu yabayeho yanga umututsi. Umututsi wari wanzwe kurusha abandi ni uwashakaga gutwara ubutegetsi bw’abahutu.
Inkotanyi zafashwe nk’abanzi banga abatutsi bamaze kuyoboka no kwemera kubana n’abahutu.
Icyantangaje nabonye mubushakashatsi ni uko kuri ubu, usanga ibyiza by’ubukotanyi byaramizwe n’ubututsi. Genocide bayihinduye iy’abatutsi kandi genocide yaratangiye ari itsembankotanyi rikorwa n’abahutu n’abatutsi bafatanije. Byatangiye ari ugutsemba abanyapolitiki b’inkotanyi n’abafitanye isano cyangwa umubano n’inkotanyi bose muburyo busanzwe cyangwa muri politiki. Mubatsembwe mu ntangiro bazira « itsembankotanyi » benshi mu bishwe, abahutu n’abatutsi babigizemo uruhare.
Ikibazo cy’ingorabahizi ni iyicwa ry’abahutu : Iyo ushatse kukivuga uko kiri abatutsi hamwe n’abandi bagamije kubariraho bakureba urujisho ngo we kubivuga uko biri.
Mubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku iyicwa ry’abahutu, Imiryango y’abahutu yapfushije abantu yemeza ko abahutu bishwe n’inkotanyi zabanzaga gutungirwa agatoki n’abatutsi. Umuhutu wishwe afite umututsi wamutanze ngo yicwe. Ibi bitangwaho ubuhamya buhagije n’abakomoka muri iyo miryango y’abahutu yabuze ababo. Umuhutu wishwe yari arwawe mbere na mbere n’umuturanyi we w’umututsi kurusha inkotanyi itanamuzi niba ari umuhutu kuko ivuye i Kantarange. Ibi byongera no kwemezwa n’aho abaturage bamwe b’abatutsi bagiye biyicira abahutu nta n’inkotanye yahageze muturere twa Byumba umutara na Kibungo.
Ukurikiranije uko ibintu byagenze mumagambo yabyo kubijyanye n’igihe wavuga gutya :
1. Habanje « itsembankotanyi » ryakozwe n’abahutu n’abatutsi bafatanije . Muri iryo tesembankotanyi hatsembwe inkotanyi n’abandi bose bafitanye umubano cyangwa bazwiho gusabana n’inkotanyi. Ibi ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko byabaye muminsi ya mbere yose yabanjirije itsembabatutsi haba mumugi cyangwa mugiturage. Abahutu n’abatutsi bafatanije kurara amarondo yo kurarira no guhiga inkotanyi.
2. Hakurikiyeho itsembabatutsi babita inkotanyi, babita abashyigikiye inkotanyi, babita abasa n’inkotanyi, babita abishimiye gutsinda kwinkotanyi, n’ibindi byose bireba ubukotanyi.
3. Mugice cya kurikiyeho habayeho gutsemba abatutsi muturere hafi ya twose tw’u Rwanda uretse duke kuburyo ari genocide bakorewe.
4. Icyakurikiyeho habayeho itsembahutu (genocide yakorewe abahutu) bishwe n’inkotanyi, muturere tw’iburasirazura twa Byumba Umutara na Kibungo na Bugesera abahutu bishwe n’abatutsi baturanye, abandi bahutu bagenda batangwa n’abaturanyi babo b’abatutsi. Abandi bahutu bagiye bicwa n’abaturage b’abatutsi batagize aho bahurira n’iby’inkotanyi. Nayise genocide y'abahutu kuko byari biteganijwe ko abatutsi bazatura muturere tw'umutara Byumba Kibungo na Bugesera kandi n'ubu niko byagenze kandi iyo bahatura batabishe ntacyo byari bitwaye. Ikindi ni uko abahutu bishwe muburyo bwizwe neza bagahambirwa bagatwikwa kandi hakicwa abana, abakuru, abagore, abasaza, abagabo nta kurobanura. Mubushakashatsi bwakozwe habonetse ko abahutu barundwaga kumanywa mubigo bya transit byakozwe nk'uko byagendekeye abayahudi, noneho imodoka zikaza nijoro zuzuye abasirikare baje guhambira abahutu ari bazima zikabajyana kubatwika zinabakubita udufuni. Imodoka zifashishijwe mukwica zabikwaga...... mubigo bya gisirikare bya .....hamwe n'ahandi hantu hakurikira......ndetse harimo n'imodoka z'amakamyo n'intoya zafashwe kungufu z'abantu bakurikira........(ibi twanze kubitangaza ngo bidashyira mungorane benezo). Nyuma y'aho hakoreshejwe imodoka zatanzwe n'imiryango nterankunga.....
Mumudoka za citerne zuzuye lisansi zatwaraga lisansi yo gutwika abahutu ziherekeje amakamyo bapakiyemo harimo iz'uruganda rwitwa.....zari zarabohojwe kungufu nazo. Nk'uko byagaragajwe n'ubushakashatsi, ibyo byose byakoreshejwe mubwicanyi bwabereye muturere twa Byumba umutara na Kibungo mugihe hari hayobowe n'abasirikare bitwa.....(Ibi byose twanze kubishyiraho kugirango tudashyira mu ngorane ababitangaje mugihe cy'ubushakashatsi).
Ibyabaye ku bahutu ni genocide. Ndetse ibyabaye kubahutu bo muburasirazuba Byumba, umutara Kibungo, Bugesera byo birenze genocide kure kuko bapfuye kurusha n'abatutsi n'abahutu b'u Rwanda rwose. Ahubwo ni ukureba n'abigishije abanyarwanda gutwika imirambo y'abahutu bo muri utwo turere. Kubera ibyabaye muri turiya turere birenze ukwemera, ngirira impunge abaturage bo muri turiya turere kuko iby'aho bitajya binavugwa kubera ubwoba, irondakoko rya bamwe, n'abandi bafashwa n'ibihugu guhisha ibyahabereye.
Abandi bahutu nabo benshi bishwe munzira y’ubucamanza hamwe n’ifungwa ryakoreshejwe rigamije kwica abahutu n’ubu biracyakomeza. Kuri bamwe icy’ibanze si ukumenya umunyacyaha n’umwere icy’ibanze ni ukugira umubare munini w’abahutu babigwamo. »
NB : Kubijyanye n’itsembabwoko, ntabwo umututsi cyangwa umuhutu wari uzwiho ubukotanyi yahizwe kimwe n’umuhutu cyangwa umututsi batari babiziho. Uwahizwe cyane yari umututsi cyangwa umuhutu wari uzwiho ubukotanyi.
Ikibabaje giteye n’impungenge ni uko FPR inkotanyi yari ishyaka nk’ayandi kuburyo uwo ariwe wese yari afite uburenganzira bwo kurijyamo iyo ibintu bikomeza kugenda neza mumishyikirano. Aha rero ni aho kwibazwa. Ikindi gikwiriye kwibazwa ni uburyo bwo guhiga abicanyi. Ubusanzwe byagombye gukorwa mumoko yose kuko amoko yose arimo abicanyi. Abahutu n’abatutsi bafatanije bishe inkotanyi, inkotanyi nazo zishe abahutu zifatanije n’abatutsi. Ese niryari hazabaho ukuri nyakuri k’ubucamanza buhana buri mwicanyi butarebye ubwoko kandi ibyaha byabayeho bya genocide y’abahutu na genocide y’abatutsi bikagumana uburemere bwabyo bikanubahwa? Niryari inkotanyi n’interahamwe n’umuhutu n’umututsi bose bicanye bazahanwa. Nihagira abasigaye badahanwe bizaba ari amahano mumateka. Urukiko mpuzamahanga narwo rwari rukwiriye guhana abantu bose bwangu kuko rurimo rurateranya abanyarwanda rukanatanga n’umwanya wo kugirango abahutu bakomeze bicwe. Ibihugu n’andi ma groupe n’imiryango mpuzamahanga bifite aho bihuriye n’itegurwa n’ikorwa rya genocide y’abahutu ntacyo bikora, ahubwo harimo bimwe bishakisha uko byahisha ukuri kose.
II.
IBIJYANYE NO KUBA VICTIME:
Abanyarwanda
n’abanyamahanga bashobora kuzagenda babivuga uko bishakiye nk’uko bikorwa
ubu kubera inyungu zabo n’impamvu zabo bishakiye ariko uku kuri kuvuzwe
kuzahora kugaruka kubantu bazaba bashoboye gukurikirana ukuri neza bihagije.
Buri muntu witungiwe n’amasengesho, wumva yibereyeho mumutuzo atari muntambara
zo kugoreka ibintu, azasuzume neza azasanga uku kuri mbahaye ari ukuri kuko
nagize igihe cyo gushakashaka impamvu nabaye ikimuga mbigizwe n’abanyarwanda.
Ikigomba kuzirikanwa ni uko hari abantu babaye victime kubutegetsi bwa Kayibanda, barongera baba victime kubutegetsi bwa Habyarimana, barongera baba victime kubutegetsi bwa Sindikubwabo, barongera baba victimes kubutegetsi bwa Kagame n’ubu bakaba bakiri victime. Abo bantu bazi ukuri kwinshi ndetse uko babona ibintu bishobora gufasha u Rwanda. Nihabaho amahoro, abazarokoka bazabara ukuri nyakuri.
Abatekereza ko ibibi byaranze u Rwanda ari interahamwe n’inkotanyi baribeshya abo ni abaca inzira y’ubusamo yo gushaka guhina amateka. Ahubwo umunyarwanda uriho mukuru kuri ubu, ikibazo agomba gusubiza ni ukwibaza ngo mukababaro n’akarengane karanze u Rwanda kuva mumyaka ya kera kugeza ubu aherereye he ? Ese munyarwanda runaka ari mubashyigikiye akarengane igihe gito cyangwa kirekire kugeza ubu ? cyangwa uwo munyarwanda ari mubabayeho barwanya akarengane igihe gito cyangwa kirekire kugeza ubu ? Birumvikana ko umunyarwanda ufite umuti w’ukuri muzima n’isomo rihagije atari uwabayeho nk’udahari cyangwa runaka utari uhari mubyagwiririye abanyarwanda ngo ahakure isomo (cyangwa utazirikana u Rwanda rurimo akarengane). Umunyarwanda w’ingirakamaro ni uwarwanije ibyo bibi byose byaranze amateka y’u Rwanda n’ubu akaba akibirwanya. Agaciro k’abo banyarwanda bombi gasumbana ukurikije ibihe batangiye kurwanirizamo ibibi ndetse no kureba niba barabikomeje igihe ababo ataribo barengana.
Umuti w’ukuri w’u Rwanda uri mubarwanyije akarengane uzaba no mubazaguma kurwanya akarengane. Kuba runaka atararwanyije akarengane bishobora kuba byari ubushake, cyangwa kurebera abarengana bikaba ntacyo byari bimutwaye. Buri munyarwanda wese wabayeho yari azi aho akarengane gaherereye. Itandukandiro ry’abanyarwanda ni ukugira ubutwari bwo kurwanya akarengane. Ibyo bizabuza umuco mubi wo kuba imbwa no kurebera ibibi, wabona bimaze guhirima ngo njyewe ngira amahirwe ko ntacyo nagaragayemo. Iyo utarwanyije ikibi uba ugishyigikiye.
NB:Inyandiko nohererejwe y'ubuhamya bw'uwacitse ku icumu busobanuye neza kubitavugwa. Mboneyeho no kongera gutabariza abanyarwanda bose bishwe, kandi ndatabariza n'abakiriho cyane cyane abahutu bavuka mu turere twa Byumba Umutara Kibungo na Bugesera kuko hakiriho umugambi wo kubamara buhoro buhoro ngo amasambu aboneke kandi ukuri kw'ibyahabereye kwe kumenyekana.