Twagerageje kwegeranya amakuru ku rugamba rwa nyuma rw’Inzirabwoba, ariko twasaba abandi baba bafite amakuru kuba badufasha kubona amakuru y’urugamba rwo muri 1994, kugirango bibe byadufasha mu myandikire y’igitabo turimo gutegura.
Icyiciro cya mbere ni iyi nyandiko yo gusogongeza abasomyi kugira ngo umuntu ashobore kubona amakuru n’inama z’abazasoma iyi nyandiko. Nyuma hazakurikiraho kuganira n’abantu bamwe mu barwanye iyi ntambara kugira ngo bifashe gukosora ahari amakosa no kugirango haboneke amakuru y’umwimerere. Ntabwo twashatse kwandika iyi nkuru nk’uko ubundi ibitabo byandikwa kuko ikiri agateganyo.

Iyi nyandiko ni nko gusogongeza abasomyi kuri icyo gitabo, tugasaba aba babona hari ahari amakosa cyangwa hari ibyavuzwe atari byo, kudufasha mu buryo busobanuye neza tukamenya ukuri nyako kw’iyi ntambara.
Iyi ntambara yari intambara mbi cyane yarimo ibyaha byinshi ndengakamere ndetse yarimo ubugome bukabije ku buryo nta mfungwa z’intambara zigeze zigaragara irangiye.

1.Kwinjira muri Politique y’amashyaka menshi mu buryo buhubukiwe kandi igihugu kiri mu ntambara

Amashyaka agitangira byateye akajagari mu gihugu: imyigaragambyo, amagambo yo guca intege ingabo z’igihugu, byateye discipline nkeya mu gisirikare, ku buryo abayobozi b’ingabo byabagoraga gukurikirana discipline.

(Photo: Kuva i bumoso ugana i buryo: Faustin Twagiramungu, Alexis Kanyarengwe, Agathe Uwiringiyimana)

Byari byoroshye ko umusirikare avuga ko yahanwe kubera ko avuka mu karere aka n’aka, bakamureka ngo bititwa ko bamurenganije ngo kuko atavuka mu majyaruguru.

Abanyapolitike bari muri gouvernement kandi bakorera uwo bitwa ko barwanaga nawe . Ibinyamakuru byakoreraga FPR ku mugaragaro bikumvisha abasirikare ko kurwana ari ukurwanirira Président Habyarimana cyangwa ko intambara ireba abo mu majyaruguru gusa (hari n’abavugaga ngo bazarwana intambara igeze iwabo).

Abanyapolitike bashakaga ubutegetsi batitaye ku ngaruka zizaza nyuma: Nabaha ingero zimwe na zimwe kuko ingero z’ibyo abo banyapolitike bakoze ntawazirondora ngo abirangize:

Nsengiyaremye Dismas yemereye FPR ko abasirikare b’abafaransa bava mu Rwanda kugirango nawe FPR izamwemere nka Ministre w’intebe wa gouvernement izava mu masezerano ya Arusha. Ibyo byababaje kandi bitungura abafaransa cyane kuko babibamenyesheje byararangije kwemezwa. Byateye ingaruka zatumye n’abafaransa bamaze kuva mu Rwanda batarongeye gufasha u Rwanda mu rwego rwa gisirikare. Ntawe uzibagirwa amagambo yavuzwe n’uwo mugabo wari warize ibyo kuvura amatungo aho yavuze ko abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bazabaha amasuka bagashoka ibishanga. Ibyo byatesheje morali abasirikare benshi bumvaga ko ntacyo barwanira.

Rugenera Marc yanze ko hagurwa amasasu n’ibindi bikoresho muri Mutarama 1994 avuga ko intambara yarangiye, ku buryo intambara yubura nta masasu Inzirabwoba zari zifite ahagije, biri mu mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye FPR itsinda intambara, (imbunda ziremereye nka za 105mm howitzer, 122mm howitzer n’izindi zagiye kubikwa i Muramba ku Gisenyi kubera kubura amasasu), gutinza imishahara y’abasirikare ku bushake kugirango batakaze moral, kwanga ko hinjira abasirikare bashya bo gusimbura abirukanywe, abakomeretse n’abatorotse urugamba n’ibindi.

Ngulinzira Boniface, Gasana Anastase n’abandi babaga bahagarariye Leta y’u Rwanda mu mishyikirano ariko ubona bashishikajwe no kwemera ibyo FPR ishaka byose batitaye ku banyarwanda muri rusange.

Imyitwarire y’abanyapolitike bamwe na bamwe batekerezaga ko itsindwa ry’Inzirabwoba ari ugutsindwa kwa Président Habyarimana wenyine. Bakibwira ko intambara itabareba. Ariko nyuma abo FPR itishe cyangwa ngo ifunge barahunze.

Amahanga yashyize igitutu kuri gouvernement y’u Rwanda cyane, ntibashaka kumva ikibazo uko kimeze ahubwo bakumva ko Leta y’u Rwanda ari igitugu, ntibashake kubuza Uganda gukomeza gufasha FPR no gutera u Rwanda.

Byaraterwaga akenshi n’uko abashyigikiye FPR bakoraga uko bashoboye bagakora Propagande ihagije, mu gihe uruhande rwa leta y’u Rwanda diplomasi yari nke kandi iri mu maboko ya MDR yari ishishikajwe no kurwanya Président Habyarimana aho kurwanya FPR.

Ibihugu by’aba Anglo-saxons (Canada, England, USA, n’ibindi) n’ibihugu by’Afrika bivuga icyongereza byari bishyigikiye FPR kubera impamvu z’ururimi n’amateka ya bamwe mu bayobozi ba FPR bari barakoranye nabyo (Uganda yo kuyitandukanya na FPR byari biruhije bari bamwe, Tanzania yo yarumaga ihuha ku buryo mu rupfu rwa Président Habyarimana ntawayishira amakenga ndetse n’ukuntu impunzi z’abanyarwanda zirukanywe nabyo byerekanye aho yari ibogamiye, ..)

Ububiligi bwo abanyapolitiki baho ntabwo bavugaga rumwe ku kibazo cy’u Rwanda no mu ngabo zabo zoherejwe muri MINUAR niko byari bimeze, ariko igice cyari gishyigikiye FPR nicyo cyari gifite ingufu, byaje guhuhurwa n’urupfu rw’abasirikare b’ababiligi, na propagande y’abashyigikiye FPR. Ibihugu byari bishyigikiye Leta y’u Rwanda byari bike.

Ubufaransa bwari bushyigikiye Leta y’u Rwanda ariko kwirukanwa kw’abasirikare babo byarababaje cyane, Zaïre ya Mobutu yo nayo yari ishyigikiye u Rwanda ariko ubutegetsi bwaho bwarajegajegaga. Ibyo bihugu byaje kugwa mu mutego wa FPR yakwije ikinyoma ikimara guhanura indege ya Président Habyarimana ko yahanuwe na aba FAR batashakaga amasezerano ya Arusha. Abari inshuti za Président Habyarimana batereranye u Rwanda.

FPR yari yemeje ibihugu biyishyigikiye ko ihita ifata umujyi wa Kigali mu gihe gito, ariko byaje kuyinanira, noneho ibihugu byari biyishyigikiye byigira inama yo gushyiraho Embargo ku ntwaro bikoresheje ONU. FPR yakomeje kubona intwaro ziciye i Bugande, ndetse n’ingabo za Uganda yafashaga FPR cyane cyane mu rwego rw’imbunda zirasa kure (artillerie Lourde).

Zaïre ya Mobutu yahemukiye Inzirabwoba cyane kuko iyo iziha uburyo bwo kubona amasasu n’imbunda ku buryo buhagije nk’uko Uganda yabikoreraga FPR yari kuba izifashije cyane nayo itiretse.

Intambara yo mu Rwanda kuri FPR yari ugufata ubutegetsi mu Rwanda, ariko ibihugu byafashije FPR cyane bishaka gukuraho Mobutu no kubona uburyo bigera muri Congo ngo byisahurire. Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko imishyikirano yakorwaga Arusha ntacyo yashoboraga kugeraho. Iyo umuntu yitegereje ibikoresho ingabo za FPR zari zifite, amabombes zarasaga buri munsi, ntabwo amafaranga yo kugura ibyo bikoresho byose yari kuva mu misanzu y’abanyarwanda b’impunzi n’abandi bari bayishyigikiye mu gihugu!

Bigaragare ko hari abatangaga amafaranga cyangwa ibyo bikoresho, bagafasha FPR kumvikanisha ibikorwa byayo mu mahanga, kubangamira abashakaga gutabara muri 1994, Embargo ku ntwaro yashyiriweho Inzirabwoba muri 1994, amakuru yacishwaga mu bitangazamakuru avuga ubwicanyi ku ruhande rumwe, kwirengagiza akaga impunzi z’abahutu zarimo n’ibindi byinshi byerekana ko FPR yari ishyigikiwe.

Ibi bishatse kuvuga ko iyo habaho ubwumvikane hakabaho amahoro abo bantu FPR kubishyura byari kuyigora, kandi u Rwanda ntabwo rwari kubona urwitwazo rwo gutera Zaïre ya Mobutu. Niyo mpamvu rero twavuga ko Inzirabwoba zarwanye n’inyungu z’amahanga kurusha uko zarwanye n’ingabo za FPR.

GOMN (Groupe d’Obsérvateurs Militaires ”Neutres”) na MINUAR (Mission des Nations Unies pour l’Assistance au Rwanda) zabaye uburyo bwo kwinjiza ba Maneko ba FPR mu Rwanda ku mugaragaro, ndetse n’abari bagize GOMN na MINUAR abenshi bakoranaga na FPR.

Aha niho hagaragarira uruhare Karenzi Karake yagize mu gutuma FPR itsinda intambara, yashoboye kwinjira mu Rwanda noneho aba umuhuzabikorwa w’ibikorwa bya FPR mu gihugu imbere: Gukwiza Propagande ya FPR, Gushishikariza abana b’abatutsi n’abahutu bamwe na bamwe kujya mu nkotanyi, gutega ibisasu, kwica abantu bakoresheje imbunda cyangwa amarozi (Gatabazi, Gapyisi, Bucyana, Katumba, Rwambuka n’abandi..), gushaka ibyitso mu gisirikari no mu banyapolitike, kuneka uko Inzirabwoba zihagaze ku buryo inkotanyi zari zifite amakuru ahagije igihe zagabaga ibitero.

Nyuma haje kuza Général Dallaire wakomokaga muri Canada, we yaje wagira ngo yaje afite mission yo gushyira FPR ku butegetsi, nawe arabyivugira mu gitabo cye iyo ataka FPR na Kagame ahubwo abandi akabagira ruvumwa. Yafashije FPR mu ntambara ya 1994 cyane cyane mu kubanekera no kubaha amakuru ku Nzirabwoba, gushaka gucamo ibice Ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba, ndetse no guha ibirindiro bya MINUAR inkotanyi zikabikoresha zirasa maze bazisubiza MINUAR ikavuza induru, kwicira abantu mu maso ya MINUAR ntigire icyo ivuga: urugero kuri Stade amahoro, Hotel Méridien n’ahandi.

Abakuru b’ingabo abenshi bamaze mu myanya yabo imyaka myinshi ku buryo byagize ingaruka zitari nziza ku Nzirabwoba muri rusange.

Dufate urugero rw’uwari Chef d’Etat-major adjoint Colonel Serubuga yari yaragize igisirikare akarima ke ku buryo byatumye abasirikari benshi bakundaga igihugu bahinduka abarakare bitari ngombwa, hari ingeso yo guhakwa cyane no gutikura ku buryo umusirikari mwiza ari uwabaga uhakwa cyane cyangwa arebwa neza n’ibukuru.

Hari abasirikari benshi birukanwe mbere y’uko intambara itangira bazira ibintu by’amafuti kandi bari bakenewe mu ntambara. Nyuma haje politique y’amashyaka menshi ndetse n’abakuru b’ingabo barahindurwa, abasirikare bari baramenyereye guhakwa ku bakuru babo noneho bagiye guhakwa ku banyepolitiki kugeza n’aho batanga amabanga ya gisirikare.

(Photo: Kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo: Col Rwagafirita, Col Sagatwa, Lt Col Nsengiyumva, Perezida Habyalimana, Col Serubuga, Gen Nsabimana, Col Rusatira)

Kuba Inzirabwoba zitari zarahawe amasomo ahagije ya politiki kandi nyuma y’aho haziye amashyaka menshi ntizigire imitekerereze imwe kuri politiki y’igihugu byateye ingaruka nini kuko hari abasirikare bamwe bumviraga abakuru b’amashyaka kurusha kumvira abayobozi babo mu gisirikare.

Uburyo bwo guhana ibyaha na discipline nabyo biri mubyashegeshe Inzirabwoba. Umusirikare w’Inzirabwoba wakoraga amakosa kumuhana byari bigoye kubera ko nta nkiko zakoraga kandi Police Militaire nayo yari yatewe irimo kurwana, ku buryo abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba barwanye n’ababishakaga, hari bamwe rwose batigeze barwana kandi ntawagize icyo abatwara. Hari kandi abasirikare bahoraga mu mpushya zo kujya kureba imiryango yabo, abirwaza ngo batajya ku rugamba, wasangaga mu mijyi yari kure y’aho urugamba rwaberaga hari urujya n’uruza rw’abasirikare batagira icyo bakora. Ku buryo ku rugamba akenshi za Bataillon nyinshi zabaga ari nka ½ cy’abasirikare bazigize kandi ibyo bikorwa ntabwo byari mu basirikare bo hasi gusa no mu ba officiers benshi niko byari bimeze.

Hari n’ibindi bikorwa byatumaga igisirikare gita ingufu n’ubushobozi. Nabaha urugero: Hari ibyo bitaga ”KUJYA ARUSHA”, Arusha cyari cyarabaye nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubugambanyi no kwirira amafaranga y’ubusa. Kujya Arusha akenshi byavugwaga ku basirikare bamwe batangaga ruswa ngo batsinde ibizamini bimwe na bimwe byatumaga bagira ubuhanga runaka nko kubona Brevet Commando, Ikizami cyo kuba Sous-Officier, gushyirwa mu batajya ku rugamba n’ibindi..

4.Umutima mwiza wa Président Habyalimana
(Nanjye nti: ariko se ni umutima mwiza cyangwa ni ukutareba kure, kugera naho ubusugire bw'igihugu nabwo aburekuye?)

Iyo Perezida Habyalimana aba umunyagitugu koko nk’uko byavugwaga n’abamurwanya, bariya banyapolitike bose bamurwanyaga ababa yarabishe akabamara cyangwa akabahimbira ibyaha akabafunga nk’uko Perezida Kagame abigenza, ibyo byari gutera ubwoba abandi, ndetse n’abirirwaga bakora propagande ya FPR ku mugaragaro cyangwa bakohereza abana babo mu nkotanyi ntabwo bari kubitinyuka. Ndetse na FPR kubona ibyitso mu gisirikare no banyapolitique byari kuyigora.

Président Habyarimana na leta y’u Rwanda bari bahangayikishijwe n’abakuwe mu byabo n’intambara muri Byumba na Ruhengeri bari umuzigo kuri leta, kandi bwari uburyo bworoshye kuri FPR mu gushyira igitutu kuri Leta y’u Rwanda ndetse no kubona abaturage bihishamo mu gucengera.

Mu gihe FPR yo nta baturage yari ifite bayihangayikishije, n’abatutsi bari mu Rwanda ntacyo bari bayibwiye ahubwo yifuzaga ko bagirirwa nabi kugira ngo ibone urwitwazo mu kubura imirwano n’uko yereka amahanga ko Leta irimo yica abantu.

Kuba Président Habyarimana atarakurikiranye FPR ku butaka bwa Uganda nabyo byagize ingaruka. Byananije abasirikare kuko FPR yahungiraga i Bugande ntibayikurikire, bakaraswa n’imbunda nini za Uganda.

Iyo Président Habyarimana aba gashoza ntambara nk’uko Perezida Kagame ameze ubu aba yarateye Uganda, ONU n’amahanga byari gukemura icyo kibazo nk’ikibazo k’ibihugu bibiri. Byari gutuma FPR itagira ingufu za politique nk’izo yari ifite icyo gihe kuko izo ngufu nizo yuririyeho igira andi mashyaka ya politiki ibikoresho igamije gufata ubutegetsi bwose yonyine.

Président Habyarimana n’abanyarwanda muri rusange bizeraga amahanga, bumvaga amahanga azagera aho akabona uko ibibazo by’u Rwanda bimeze nyabyo. Uko kwizera amahanga abanyarwanda bakomeje kukugira kugeza n’uyu munsi n’ubwo amahanga akomeje kwirengagiza. Umuntu yafata ingero ku kuntu FPR yishe abantu ifata ubutegetsi na nyuma yaho amahanga akirengagiza, ukuntu FPR yishe abantu i Kibeho hari na MINUAR, Ubwicanyi bwo muri Congo, kugeza ku banyapolitiki bakomeje guhohoterwa ndetse bakanafungwa ariko ntacyo amahanga avuga.

Leta ya Perezida Habyalimana ntabwo yashatse kumarira umutungo w’igihugu mu kugura intwaro cyangwa kwitegura intambara, u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bike by’Afrika abakozi n’abasirikare bahembwaga neza kandi bagahemberwa igihe.

(Photo: Pasteur Bizimungu yuriye igipangu areba ibice by’indege ya Perezida Habyalimana)

Président Habyarimana yari afite inshuti nyinshi zashoboraga kumurwanaho kandi n’ubwo hari abamurwanyaga abanyarwanda benshi baramukundaga ndetse n’abatutsi benshi baramukundaga.

Abatutsi batinyuka kuvuga ukuri bavuga ko ntacyo yari abatwaye ahubwo ariwe wari ubarinze. FPR imaze kumwica yahise ibonamo inyungu nyinshi mu rupfu rwe: yari yikijije umuntu wari uyibangamiye mugufata ubutegetsi, yahise ibeshya amahanga ko yishwe n’Inzirabwoba zitari zishyigikiye ko amasezerano y’Arusha bituma Leta y’u Rwanda ihinduka igicibwa ntihagira abayemera kugeza no ku nshuti magara za Président Habyarimana. Ibyo byatumye Leta yari yiyise iy’abatabazi ibura ingufu za politiki na diplomasi.

Ibintu byose yavugaga by’imishyikirano byari ukubeshya, yakoraga ibyo bita fight and talk, ni ukuvuga ko yarwanaga yabona igiye gutsindwa cyangwa ingufu zibaye nke ikemera imishyikirano kugirango yisuganye ibone uko itegura ibindi bitero.

Muri FPR harimo discipline ikabije hakorwaga ibyo Kagame ashaka gusa abatabyubahirizaga cyangwa abasirikari bakoraga amakosa baricwaga hakoreshejwe agafuni ni ukuvuga ko abasirikare n’abanyapolitiki ba FPR bari bafite icyerekezo kimwe mubyo bakoraga.

Nta baturage FPR yari ifite bari bayibereye umuzigo mu ntambara yayo ku buryo inkotanyi zabaga zifite umwanya uhagije wo kurwana nta kibazo. Nta musirikare wasabaga uruhushya cyangwa ngo atoroke urugamba ngo agiye guhungisha bene wabo, n’ababigerageje barahanwe bikomeye cyangwa baricwa.

(Photo:Umusirikare wa Zaïre hejuru y’ikirundo cy’intwaro Inzirabwoba zari zasize ku mupaka mbere yo kwinjira muri Zaïre)

Abantu benshi bemeza ko inzirabwoba zatsinzwe bidasubirwaho igihe zinjiraga ku butaka bwa Zaïre zikamburwa intwaro, maze zigashyirwa mu nkambi nk’abaturage basanzwe.

Izo ntwaro bambuwe zarunzwe mu bigo bya gisirikare bya Zaïre zirangirika kugeza igihe Inkotanyi zitereye zikazifata hafi ya zose zaratoye ingese. Izindi zagurishijwe magendu n’abasirikare ba Zaïre ku mitwe itandukanye y’abarwanyi ndetse no kugeza kuri FPR.

Inzirabwoba n’ubwo bwose zari zivuye mu ntambara ikomeye, n’ubwo hari abasirikare benshi basubiye mu Rwanda bakurikiye amareshya mugeni ya FPR, zari zigifite ingufu zashoboraga gutuma zongera kwiyegeranya zikavamo ingabo zikomeye kurusha na mbere, dore ko zari zimaze no kubona isomo. Ariko siko byagenze kuko kubera igitutu cy’amahanga n’uburangare bw’abategetsi ba Zaïre y’icyo gihe.

Ntabwo inzirabwoba zongeye kwiyegeranya ngo zongere zibe ingabo zikomeye, kandi nyamara iyo Zaïre ikora uko ishoboye inzirabwoba zigasubirana ingufu zari kuyirwanirira.

Uretse amakuru abo nakwita ibyitso bahaga FPR ku bijyanye n’uko ingabo zihagaze, ibikoresho zifite, amasasu ahari uko angana, aho imitwe y’ingabo iherereye, ibyemezo byafashwe, ibitero bitegurwa n’ibindi.., mu ntambara yo mu 1994 hagaragaye ko FPR yabaga ifite amakuru ahagije ku bitero cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare byabaga byategiwe mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ku buryo ibitero byatunguraga FPR ari ibitero byagabwaga akenshi mu rwego rwo hasi navuga nka Bataillon bitateguwe mu rwego rwo hejuru muri Etat Major cyangwa mu karere k’imirwano (Secteur opérationnel).

Ni ukuvuga ko za opérations zikomeye zose Inzirabwoba zagerageje gukora muri 1994, FPR yabaga yazimenye ku buryo akenshi zendaga kuburiramo ndetse zikagwamo n’abantu benshi. Si ibyo gusa kuko n’ibitero bisanzwe byinshi byo mu rwego rwo hasi ibyinshi FPR yabaga ibizi.

Natanga urugero:
-Opération yo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Byumba
-Opération yo gusohoka muri Kanombe na Kicukiro
-Opération Champagne yo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali yo yabaye nk’aho itunguye FPR kubera ko ubundi yari iteganijwe mu ijoro ry’iya 4 rishyira iya 5 Nyakanga 1994, hagombaga gukoreshwa inzira ebyiri muri icyo gikorwa. Ariko ku itariki ya 3 Nyakanga 1994 imwe mu nzira zari gukoreshwa yacaga mu gace ka Runda na Gihara ikomeza muri Taba, Ingabo za FPR zarayifunze, bituma Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba yegeza imbere Opération Champagne ishyirwa mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994 zikoresha inzira yacaga mu Nzove. Kwegeza imbere iyo Opération byatunguye benshi kugeza wenda kubahaga amakuru FPR, ku buryo FPR yatangiye kumenya ibibaye ari uko bucyeye itagishoboye kugira icyo ikora ngo iburizemo icyo gikorwa. Ku buryo abashoboye gusohoka mu mujyi mu ijoro nta bibazo binini bahuye nabyo ariko abasohotse mu mujyi hakeye bo barashweho cyane za bombes ziremereye nka 120mm n’izindi ndetse n’ingabo za FPR zagabye ibitero byinshi zigerageza gufungira abasohokaga muri Kigali ariko kubera ubwinshi bwabo (hari abemezaga ko barengaga Miliyoni imwe) ndetse n’Inzirabwoba zari ziminjiriyemo agafu hafi y’abantu bose bashakaga gusohoka muri Kigali barasohotse.

Iyo urebye inzego z’iperereza z’Inzirabwoba uko zari zimeze ubona ahubwo kuba zarashoboye kurwana hafi imyaka 4 ari igitangaza.

(Photo:Gen Karenzi Karake yashoboye kuneka ku buryo bworoshye yitwaje umwanya yari afite muri GOMN na MINUAR)

Ari iperereza ryo muri Etat Major y’ingabo (G2) ryategekwaga na Colonel BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo, ari iperereza ryo muri Gendarmerie (G2) ryategekwaga na Major Stanislas Kinyoni, ari Diviziyo y’iperereza ryo Hanze no mu gihugu (Contre Espionage) yo muri Ministère y’Ingabo yategekwaga na Major Vénant Hategekimana, ari inzego z’iperereza zo muri Perezidansi zaje kujya mu biro bya Ministre w’Intebe zari ziyobowe na Augustin Iyamuremye, izo nzego zose zari zifite ubushobozi bucye kubera abakozi bacye, ibikoresho bicye, ubushake bucye bw’abayobozi ba politiki babangamiraga imikorere y’izo nzego n’ibindi.

Iyo urebye inzego z’iperereza FPR yari ifite ikiri mu ishyamba ukareba n’izo ifite ubu iri muri Leta niho umuntu abonera ko Inzirabwoba mu rwego rw’iperereza zari hasi cyane, atari ukubura abahanga mu iperereza ahubwo ari impamvu nyinshi zijyanye n’imiterere y’igisirikare n’ubushake bwa politiki bw’icyo gihe.

Uwavuga ko Inzirabwoba zari zifite amakuru macye cyane kuri FPR n’ingabo zayo ntabwo yaba yibeshye, mu gihe FPR yo ibyo itari izi ku nzirabwoba ari byo byari bicye cyane.

Kuva mu 1990 intambara itagira mu gisirikare hinjiyemo abasore benshi, ibyo byakozwe huti huti kuko hari hakenewe abasirikare bo kujya ku rugamba, bituma hadakurikizwa amabwiriza ya ngombwa ubundi yakoreshwaga mu gucagura abajya mu ngabo.
Ibyo byateye imyitwarire mibi cyane cyane mu rwego rwa discipline ku basirikare bamwe na bamwe bari bakinjira mu ngabo. Urugero: Kwiba, gutoroka urugamba, kutubahiriza amategeko y’ababayobora, guhohotera abasiviri n’ibindi..

(Photo:Perezida Habyalimana na Colonel Kanyarengwe i Kinihira mu mishyikirano)

Mu 1991 hatangiye politiki y’amashyaka menshi aho abanyapolitiki barwanyaga ubutegetsi icyo gihe bibasiye cyane Inzirabwoba, aho bamwe batatinyaga kubwira abasirikare ko barwanira Perezida Habyalimana batarwanira igihugu. Hiyongereyeho ibibazo byari mu gisirikare bitewe n’abasirikare bashya binjiye hatabanje kuba igenzura rihagije byagabanyije ingufu z’Inzirabwoba. Ibyo bibazo byahuriranye n’ibitero simusiga by’Ingabo za FPR byo mu mpera za 1991 no mu ntangiriro za 1992. Ingabo za FPR nibwo zashoboye gufata agace ku butaka bw’u Rwanda bwa mbere ahagana mu Mutara. N’ubwo bwose inzirabwoba ntako zitagize ngo zihagarareho abanyapolitiki ba opposition y’icyo gihe ntibari bazoroheye.

Mu mishyikirano ya Arusha yatangiye mu mwaka 1992, yatumye habaho guhagarika imirwano, ariko muri Gashyantare 1993 Ingabo za FPR zagabye igitero zitunguranye ziciye ku masezerano y’amahoro, zishobora gufata agace kanini ariko zisubijwe inyuma mu karere k’imirwano ka Ruhengeri n’ingabo zari ziyobowe na Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu. Izo ngabo zarimo amabataillons akomeye nka Bataillon Commando Huye ya Major Ir Faustin Ntilikina, 1er Bataillon Muvumba ya Major BEM Emmanuel Neretse n’izindi.

Nyuma yo guhagarika imirwano na none hashyizweho akarere kiswe zone Tempo ingabo za FPR zitwa ko zisubiye mu birindiro byazo bya mbere ya tariki 8 Gashyantare 1993. Ariko mu by’ukuri ako karere kari mu maboko y’ingabo za FPR ni naho zaturutse zigaba igitero cya nyuma simusiga cyo mu 1994.

Mu rwego rw’amasezerano y’amahoro yari yasinyiwe Arusha, FPR yari yemerewe kuzana abasirikare 600 ba Bataillon ya 3 ya APR mu mujyi wa Kigali bari bayobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga kugira ngo baride abayobozi ba FPR bari bateganijwe kujya mu nzego z’igihugu zari ziteganijwe n’amasezerano ya Arusha.

Izo ngabo zabereye urwitwazo FPR ishobora kugeza mu mujyi wa Kigali abasirikare bari hagati ya 2000 na 3000 hakoreshejwe uburangare cyangwa akagambane ka MINUAR/UNAMIR.

Hakoreshwaga amayeri yose ashoboka kugira ngo umubare wabo wiyongere bakoresheje abasiviri bazaga kubasura muri CND. Amwe muri ayo mayeri yari aya:umusiviri yarinjiraga akagurana imyenda n’umusirikare wa FPR wahitaga ajya hanze mu baturage, naho wa musiviri akambara imyenda ya gisirikare akazajya ku Murindi, wa musiviri agahita yinjizwa mu ngabo za FPR, naho i Kigali hakaza undi musirikare wa FPR mu mwanya we.

Si ibyo gusa kuko abo basirikare bivugwa ko ari nabo bazanye Missiles zarashe indege ya Nyakwigendera Perezida Habyalimana.
Mu gihugu imbere hari umutekano mucye waterwaga, n’abasirikare ba FPR bari baracengeye, ubujura, abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba batorotse urugamba, amashyaka ya Politiki yasubiranagamo n’impfu z’abanyapolitiki byaje kumenyekana nyuma ko ari FPR yabaga ibiri inyuma (urugero:Gapyisi, Gatabazi, Bucyana..).

Ni muri icyo gihe kandi abasore b’abatutsi abenshi berekezaga mu nkotanyi naho ab’abahutu bakajya mu mitwe y’amashyaka ya politiki yitwaraga gisirikare.

Iryo yinjizwa ry’abasirikare bashya na FPR (bamwe bajyaga kwitoza ibya gisirikare bakagaruka iwabo) n’izo nsoresore z’amashyaka zirirwaga zitoza izindi zirwana, byatumaga urwikekwe hagati y’abahutu n’abatutsi rwiyongera ku buryo mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994 haburaga imbarutso gusa.

Icyo gihe uko byagaragaye mu buhamya bwinshi, Inzirabwoba ntabwo zari zitegute iyubura ry’imirwano: Abasirikare bamwe na bamwe bategekaga amaBataillons ku rugamba boherejwe kwiga mu mahanga izo Batallons zisigara zitegekwa n’aba Lieutenants cyangwa Capitaines, nta masasu ahagije yari ahari, imitwe y’ingabo hafi ya yose ntabwo yongeye guhabwa amasasu nyuma y’ihagarikwa ry’imirwano ryo 1993, hari amasasu yari yaratumijwe mbere y’ihagarikwa ry’imirwano byabaye ngombwa ko u Rwanda rutayakira kuko MINUAR yabibonagamo kwitegura intambara (Muri Mutarama 1994, uwari umugaba w’Ingabo Général Major BEM Nsabimana Déogratias yasabye kubonana na Ministre w’Imali, Bwana Marc Rugenera ngo amusabe ko hagurwa ibikoresho kuko ibyari bihari byari bicye cyane ku buryo FPR iyo yubura imirwano byari kuba bigoye kwirwanaho, ariko Ministre Rugenera wari muri PSD ku ruhande rwari rushyigikiye FPR yanze ko ibyo bikoresho bigurwa ndetse anamenyesha bagenzi be bo muri FPR ko nta bikoresho bihagije Inzirabwoba zifite!)

(Photo:Leta y’u Rwanda yari ifite umuzigo munini w’abakuwe mu byabo n’intambara)

Igihugu cy’u Bufaransa cyari cyarafashije cyane Inzirabwoba mu kuziha no kuzigurisha ibikoresho bya gisirikare, bwari bumaze kwirukanwo mu Rwanda na Ministre w’Intebe Dismas Nsengiyaremye nawe wari wabisabwe na FPR kugira ngo azagirwe Ministre w’Intebe nyuma y’isimya ry’amasezerano ya Arusha. (N’ubwo atari ko byagenze hemejwe Bwana Faustin Twagiramungu ariko abafaransa bari barangije kwirukanwa.) Icyo cyemezo cyarakaje abafaransa cyane kuko bakimenyejejwe cyarangije gufatwa batagishijwe inama.

Ikindi cyatumye ibintu bizamba ni uko igihe indege ya Perezida Habyalimana yahanurwaga, ingabo za FPR zigahita zubura imirwano, abayobozi bakuru b’inzirabwoba benshi ntibari mu gihugu abenshi bagarutse mu matariki ya 20 Mata 1994.
-Ministre w’Ingabo Augustin Bizimana yari mu butumwa bw’akazi muri Cameroun
-Umugaba Mukuru w’ingabo Général Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana yari yaguye mu ndege imwe na Perezida Habyalimana
-Uwari ushinzwe imirwano muri Etat-Major (G3) Général de Brigade IG Gratien Kabiligi yari mu butumwa bw’akazi mu Misiri
-Uwari ushinzwe iperereza muri Etat-Major (G2) Colonel BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo yari mu butumwa bw’akazi muri Cameroun
Kuba aba basirikare bakuru batari bahari byateye guhuzagurika no kudahita hafatwa ibyemezo bya ngombwa byari bikenewe muri icyo gihe. Uko guhuzagurika kwahaye FPR agahenge ishobora kwigarurira ibice byinshi kandi bitera akaduruvayo mu gihugu katashoboye guhagarikwa.

(Photo:Perezida Habyalimana asuhuza bamwe mu bakuru b’Inzirabwoba. Uvuye i bumoso ugana i buryo Gen Mudacumura, Perezida Habyalimana, Gen Nsabimana na Colonel Serubuga yasimbuye mu 1992)

Muri Werurwe 1994, Inzirabwoba zageraga ku 34.000, n’ukuvuga Armée Rwandaise:28.000 naho Gendarmerie Nationale: 6000.
Bataillons nyinshi z’inzirabwoba ubundi zakagombye kuba zifite abasirikare hagati ya 600 na 800, zari zifite hagati ya 350 na 600, kubera ko hari abasirikare benshi bari baraguye cyangwa bagakomerekera ku rugamba rwo muri 1992 na 1993 batari bashoboye gusimburwa kuko amasezerano ya Arusha yabuzaga kwinjiza abasirikare bashya, hari abari barasubiye mu mashuri cyangwa bajya mu mahugurwa mu mahanga kuko bari bazi ko intambara yarangiye ingabo zigiye kuvangwa, hari abari baratorotse urugamba, bivugwa kandi ko hari abayobozi bamwe b’ingabo batangaga imibare itariyo y’abasirikare kugira go barigise imishahara yabo!

Inzirabwoba zari zigabanyijemo uturere tw’imirwano (OPS) kongeraho indi mitwe y’ingabo yari ifite imirimo yihariye:

Chef d’Etat-major: Général Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana yitabye Imana mu ndege imwe na Perezida Habyalimana yasibuwe by’agateganyo na Général BEM Marcel Gatsinzi nawe waje gusimburwa na Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu. Mu mategeko Inzirabwoba zagenderagaho, ahabaga imirwano hose imitwe ya Gendarmerie yabaga ihari yahitaga ishyirwa mu maboko ya Etat Major y’ingabo.

Bataillon Commando Huye:Capitaine Nyaminani yaje gusimburwa na Major Ir Faustin Ntilikina muri Gicurasi 1994

OPS Ruhengeri: Colonel BEM Augustin Bizimungu (yaje kugirwa Général Major ahita aba umugaba mukuru w’ingabo asimburwa na Lieutenant Colonel CGSC Marcel Bivugabagabo ku buyobozi bwa OPS Ruhengeri)

(Photo:Gen Kabiligi wari G3, ukubura kwe mu ntangiriro y’imirwano kwashegeshe Inzirabwoba)

(Photo:Gen Emmanuel Habyalimana ntabwo yashoboye kurwana ku Mutara, yakijijwe n’amaguru rugikubita)

Bataillon LAA (light anti-aircraf): Lieutenant Colonel CGSC Stanislas Hakizimana

Bataillon de Reconnaissance (Blindé/armored): Major BAM Francois Xavier Nzuwonemeye

Hari n’indi mitwe y’ingabo yari ishinzwe imirimo itandukanye n’ubuyobozi bw’ibigo bya gisirikare.

Ishuri ry’abasuzofisiye ry’i Butare ESO: Lieutenant Colonel Tharcisse Muvunyi

FPR kumenya abasirikare yari ifite icyo gihe biragoye cyane, kuko hari benshi bari baracengeye mu baturage, kandi mu gihe cy’imishyikirano ndetse n’igihe amasezerano ya ARUSHA yari amaze gushyirwaho umukono FPR yakomezaga kwinjiza mu gisirikare cyayo abasirikare bashya.
Général Roméo Dallaire mu buhamya yatanze mu rukiko rwa Arusha, avuga ko FPR yari ifite abasirikare bari hagati ya 20.000 na 30.000.

Photo:kuva iburyo ugana ibumoso: Gen Sam Kaka wa Alpha Mobile, Col Twahirwa Dodo wa Bravo Mobile, Col Gashumba wa Charlie Mobile na Col Musitu wa 21st Mobile

-Charlie Mobile Group: Colonel Thaddée Gashumba yagumye mu Ruhengeri na Gisenyi

-21st Mobile Group: Colonel Charles Musitu yarwanye i Byumba nyuma yerekeza i Kigali

-7th Mobile Group: Colonel William Bagire yamanutse mu Mutara, Rwamagana, Kabuga, Kigali

-157th Mobile Groupe: Lieutenant Colonel Fred Ibingira yamanutse Umutara, Kayonza, Kibungo, Bugesera, Gitarama, Butare…

Hiyongeraho indi mitwe y’ingabo yagiye ishingwa uko intambara yakomezaga n’indi yabaga ifite inshingano zihariye nka Mlitary Police, DMI…

Mobile yabaga ari umutwe w’ingabo twagereranya na Brigade n’ukuvuga abasirikare hagati ya 1500 na 2500. Mobile umwe yabaga ifite compagnie (Coy) zigera hafi mu 10.

Mu ntambara hagati kandi hubatswe indi mitwe y’ingabo myinshi, dore ko abasore bamwe bari baratinye kujya mu ngabo za FPR bazijyagamo ku bwinshi baturutse mu bihugu bituranye n’uRwanda babonye izo ngabo zigiye gufata igihugu ndetse n’abasore ingabo za FPR zahuraga nabo bose abo ziticaga zabashyiraga mu gisirikare.

Tariki ya 6 Mata 1994, indege yari itwaye Perezida Habyalimana na mugenzi we w’u Burundi Cyprien Ntaryamira n’abandi bari babaherekeje yahanuwe n’igisasu cyo mu bwoko bwa missile irimo kwitegura kugwa ku kibuga cy’indege cya Kanombe. (abarashe iyo ndege bayirashe ibisasu bibiri cyo mu bwoko bwa Missile SA 16, kimwe kirayihusha ikindi kirayihamya).

Abari bayirimo bose bahise bitaba Imana. Iyo ndege yarimo abantu baturuka mu Rwanda, u Burundi n’u Bufaransa aribo:
-Perezida Juvénal Habyalimana w’u Rwanda
-Perezida Cyprien Ntaryamira w’u Burundi
-Génénal Major Déogratias NSABIMANA, umugaba mukuru w’ingabo z’u Rwanda (FAR)
-Colonel Elie SAGATWA, umunyamabanga wihariye wa Perezida Habyalimana
-Major Thaddée BAGARAGAZA, wari ushinzwe kurinda Perezida Habyalimana akaba yari anungirije umukuru wa Bataillon Garde Présidentielle
-Ambassadeur Juvénal RENZAHO, umujyanama wa Perezida Habyalimana mu by’ububanyi n’amahanga
-Dr Emmanuel AKINGENEYE umuganga wa Perezida Habyalimana
-Ministre Bernard CIZA wo mu Burundi
-Ministre Cyriaque SIMBIZI w’u Burundi
-abaderevu b’indege b’abafaransa Jacky HERAUD, Jean Pierre MINABERRY na Jean Michel PERRINE.

Ihanurwa ry’iyi ndege bivugwa ko ryakozwe na FPR ryagize ingaruka nini cyane ku Nzirabwoba kuko zari zimaze gutakaza umugaba mukuru w’ikirenga wazo n’umukuru wa Etat Major y’ingabo icyarimwe.

Ibyo byateye guhuzagurika no gusigana mu bakuru b’ingabo bari basigaye i Kigali dore ko na Ministre w’Ingabo Augustin Bizimana, Uwari ushinzwe iperereza G2 Colonel BEMSG Ntiwiragabo Aloys, Uwari ushinzwe imirwano G3 Général de Brigade Gratien Kabiligi bari mu butumwa mu mahanga.

N’ubwo hari ibimenyetso byinshi byagaragazaga ko ari FPR yakoze icyo gikorwa, FPR n’abari bayishyigikiye bakwije ibihuha ko indege yahanuwe n’abahutu b’intagondwa ngo batari bashyigikiye amasezerano ya ARUSHA. Ibi nabyo byagize ingaruka nini kuko Inzirabwoba ndetse n’abahutu bahise bahindurwa ruvumwa mu mahanga ibyo bitiza FPR imbaraga muri gahunda yayo gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu.

(Photo:Inzu abasirikare b’ababiligi bari bihishemo igihe bicirwaga muri Camp Kigali)

Mu ijoro ry’iya 6 rishyira iya 7 Mata 1994, abanyapolitiki bari mu mashyaka ya opposition icyo gihe barishwe, bivugwa ko bishwe n’abasirikare b’intagondwa b’Inzirabwoba ngo bahorera Perezida Habyalimana. Ariko hari andi makuru avuga ko bamwe muri abo banyepolitiki nka Ndasingwa Landuald baba barishwe n’abasirikare ba FPR bari baracengeye mu gihugu.

Undi wishwe ni Ministre w’Intebe, Madame Agathe Uwilingiyimana, wicamywe n’umugabo we. Hari amakuru avuga ko Madame Agatha Uwilingiyimana yaba yarazize ko yari amaze iminsi yibasiye Perezida Habyalimana mu mvugo zirimo agasuzuguro kenshi, amanama yakoreshaga iwe yatumiragamo abasirikare bakomokaga mu majyepfo abasaba guhirika Perezida Habyalimana, kuba yarashakaga kujya kuvugira kuri Radio Rwanda ngo ahumurize abanyarwanda hari ababifashe n’aho Madame Uwilingiyimana yari afatanije n’abahanuye indege akaba yari agiye gukora coup d’Etat akoresheje Radio Rwanda mu bufatanye na MINUAR dore ko inkuru zari zakwiriye ko indege ya Habyalimana yahanuwe n’ababiligi bari muri MINUAR.

Abasirikare b’ababiligi bari kwa Ministre w’Intebe Madame Uwilingiyimana, bari section yitwaga Mortier yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Thierry Lotin. Abo basirikare bivugwa ko bari bagize imyitwarire idasanzwe ku munsi wabanjirije iyicwa ryabo ni ukuvuga tariki ya 6 Mata 1994.

Bari bakoze urugendo rurerure barinze bamwe mu bayobozi ba FPR bazenguruka ahantu henshi harimo Pariki y’Akagera n’ahandi, kandi bivugwa ko baciye kenshi hafi y’aho indege ya Perezida Habyalimana yarasiwe.

Igihe bari bamaze kwamburwa intwaro kwa Ministre w’Intebe Agathe Uwilingiyimana, haciye hafi aho Major Bernard Ntuyahaga wakoraga muri G4 ya Etat Major y’ingabo agiye ku kazi muri Etat Major y’ingabo. Lieutenant Lotin yamusabye kumugeza we n’abasirikare be ahari ingabo za MINUAR hafi, ahari hafi hari muri Camp Kigali habaga abasirikare ba MINUAR. Yabajyanyeyo, ariko bakihagera hari abantu bataramenyekana bakwije igihuha mu basirikare b’ibimuga by’intambara byari muri Camp Kigali.

Icyo gihuha cyavugaga ko abo basirikare b’ababiligi aribo barashe indege ya Perezida Habyalimana, ibyo bimuga ndetse n’abandi basirikare bari hafi aho batangiye guhondagura abo babiligi, abasirikare bakuru bari hafi aho bagerageje gutabara ariko biba iby’ubusa.

Photo:Major Bernard Ntuyahaga wageretsweho urupfu rw’abasirikare 10 b’ababiligi

Muri icyo gihe hari inama yaberaga mu ishuri rya Gisirikare (ESM) hafi yaho, yarimo abakuru b’ingabo n’uturere tw’imirwano yari yanatumiwemo na Général Roméo Dallaire wategekaga MINUAR.

Abo basirikare bakuru baratabaye ariko biba iby’ubusa ndetse banasabye Général Dallaire kuba yabafasha akoresheje ingabo za MINUAR ariko aranga kugeza igihe abo basirikare b’ababiligi biciwe bose.

Igitangaje n’uko igihugu cy’u Bubiligi mu rwego rwo guhoza abapfakazi b’abo basirikare babwo no gushaka ushyirwaho ubwo bwicanyi bakatiye Major Bernard Ntuyahaga imyaka 20 y’igifungo ngo yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’abo basirikare!

Urupfu rw’aba basirikare 10 b’ababiligi rwagize ingaruka nini cyane kuko igihugu cy’u Bubiligi cyahise gikura abasirikare bacyo mu ngabo za MINUAR bityo bigatuma n’umuryango w’abibumbye ufata icyemezo cyo kugabanya izo ngabo zikava kuri 2500 zikagera kuri 270.

Ibi byatumye ubwicanyi n’intambara bikaza umurego abo basirikare bakimara kugenda. Ku Nzirabwoba uru rupfu rw’ababiligi rwatumye zigira isura mbi n’ubundi yari imaze kwangirika kubera urupfu rw’abanyapolitiki ndetse na Propaganda ya FPR n’abari bayishyigikiye.

Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyalimana n’abo bari kumwe, ingabo za FPR zari mu majyaruguru hafi y’umupaka na Uganda ndetse no muri zone Tempo zahise zitangira kwerekeza mu mujyi wa Kigali.

Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zasohotse muri CND, zigaba igitero ku kigo cya Kimihurura, bamwe berekeza i Remera, abandi kuri Méridien n’ibitaro bya Faycal ugana ku Kacyiru.

Ikigo cya Kimihurura cyabagamo abashinzwe kurinda Perezida wa Repubulika (Bataillon Garde Présidentielle) cyari kiyobowe na Major Protais Mpiranya. Nk’uko FPR yabivugaga ngo yari igiye guhana Bataillon Garde Présidentielle, ariko siko byagenze kuko ingabo za FPR nizo zahakuye isomo!

Muri icyo kigo harimo igice kimwe cya Bataillon Garde Présidentielle (abandi basirikare bari barinze ahandi hantu hatandukanye nka Perezidansi ya Repubulika mu mujyi i Kigali hagati, Village Urugwiro ku Kacyiru, ingo za Perezida Habyalimana mu Kiyovu, i Kanombe, mu Gasiza, mu Butotori n’ahandi), hari na Compagnie ya 4 ya Bataillon Paracommando yari iyobowe na S/Lieutenant Hakizimana PC yari yaje ku Kimihurura gufasha Bataillon Garde Présidentielle.

Icyo gitero cyari simusiga kandi bigaragara ko cyari kimaze igihe gitegurwa neza. Ingabo za FPR zimaze kujya mu myanya yo kwitegura imirwano zabanje kohereza ibisasu byinshi cyane ku kigo cya Kimihurura, nyuma yo kugaba igitero simusiga.
Abasirikare ba Bn GP na 4ème Cie Bn ParaCdo bari muri icyo kigo bihagazeho rubura gica, bashobora gusubiza inyuma icyo gitero, abasirikare ba FPR ntabwo bashoboye kurenga umutaru.

Iyi iba ibaye intangiriro y’intambara simusiga hafi y’icyo kigo yamaze hafi iminsi 88 kugeza aho Inzirabwoba zisohokeye mu mujyi wa Kigali mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994.

(Photo:Ingabo za FPR zirimo kurasisha Mortier 82mm imbere yo kwa Lando i Remera)

Ikindi gitero gikomeye cyagabwe ku kigo cya Kimihurura ahagana mu rukerera rw’itariki ya 13 Mata 1994, cyo cyari gikomeye cyane kurusha icya mbere, mbese FPR yari yiyemeje gufata icyo kigo, icyo gitero cyari cyibasiye kandi Etat-Major ya Gendarmerie yari hafi y’ikigo cya Kimihurura. Ariko kimwe n’icya mbere cyaburiyemo ingabo za FPR zisubizwa inyuma zihatakariza n’abasirikare benshi kubera ubuhanga mu mirwano bw’abaGP n’abaparacommando bari barinze icyo kigo.

Nyuma y’icyo gitero ingabo za FPR zahinduye imirwanire, zikajya zikora udukorwa dutoya two gushotora abasirikare bari muri icyo kigo ndetse no kohereza ibisasu biremereye kuri icyo kigo. Andi mayeri yakoreshejwe ni ugushaka kugota icyo kigo kugira ngo abakirimo babure ubufasha n’ibibatunga, ariko nabyo ingabo za FPR ntabwo zabigezeho kugeza aho abari barinze icyo kugo bakiviriyemo mu gihe cy’isohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali. (Opération Champagne).

Tugarutse ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zerekeje i Remera zigana i Kanombe zafashe amahuriro y’imihanda yo kwa Lando, zigaba igitero kuri Brigade ya Gendarmerie yari hafi y’isoko rya Remera ziyifata bitaziruhije. Mu mugoroba waho MINUAR yafunguriye imiryango ya Stade Amahoro ingabo za FPR.

Ku ruhande rw’Inzirabwoba icyihutirwaga kwari ukubuza ingabo za FPR gufata ikibuga cy’indege cya Kanombe cyari nko mu birometero 2 by’aho ingabo za FPR zari zigeze. Hahise hoherezwa abasirikare ba Bataillon Paracommando bari bayobowe na Major CGSC Aloys Ntabakuze, bafata igice kinini cya Centre Christus i Remera n’amahuriro y’imihanda yo ku Giporoso. Abo bapara bari bategereje mu rukerera ngo bagabe igitero ku ngabo za FPR.

Ariko muri iryo joro ingabo za FPR zo ntabwo zasinziriye zatunganyije ibirindiro byazo ndetse zinegera imbere mu duce tumwe na tumwe. Ku rundi ruhande rwa stade Amahoro ahagana mu Migina kimwe no hafi yo kwa Lando, abaturage babyutse bagwa mu maboko y’ingabo za FPR naho abandi baricwa.

Natanga urugero rwa Major GD Hélène Bugenimana n’abana be, Colonel GD Pontien Hakizimana (yari yaragiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru akaba n’umuvandimwe wa Musenyeri Ruzindana nawe wishwe na FPR) n’abandi benshi bishwe ku itariki ya 7 n’iya 8 Mata 1994 i Remera.

Abandi baturage basanzwe bajyanywe n’ingabo za FPR muri stade Amahoro aho hakomeje ibikorwa byo gutoranyamo abicwa hakurikijwe amoko n’igitsina mu maso ya MINUAR hakaba hari hibasiwe abagabo n’abasore b’abahutu bize n’abandi bagaragaraga ko bishoboye.

Ku mugoroba wa tariki 7 mata 1994 ku rundi ruhande rwa CND ahagana Kacyiru ingabo za FPR zafashe Hotel Méridien n’ibitaro bya Faycal, abasirikare ba MINUAR bari bahari bararebereye gusa.

Mu majyaruguru, Inkotanyi zari zatangiye kwerekeza mu mujyi wa Kigali ziturutse muri Zone Tempo, zambaye imyenda isanzwe zigize abaturage basanzwe b’impunzi, izo ngabo zageze i Kabuye tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 mu ma saa kumi n’imwe (17h00) aho bafashe intwaro n’imyenda ya gisirikare byari bisanzwe bibitswe mu mazu ya Paruwasi ya Kabuye. Umusirikare wo mu Nzirabwoba w’umwofficier wari i Kabuye niwe wabibonye abimenyesha Etat-major y’Inzirabwoba.

Bataillon Cyangugu yatagekwaga na Major Alfred Rutayisire yari ishinze ibirindiro ku Cyamutara yohereje Compagnie imwe (abasirikare barenze gato 100) i Kabuye bari bategereje kugaba igitero kuri izo ngabo za FPR mu gitondo.

(Photo:Blindés za Bn Recce zari zashinze ibirindiro imbere y’amazu y’ubutegetsi: Aha ni imbere ya Radio Rwanda)

Gusohoka muri CND kw’Inkotanyi no gutera ikigo cya Kimihurura cyatumye Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba ibona ko koko FPR yubuye imirwano.

Imirimo yo kureba icyakorwa yahise itangira, ababishinzwe bose bashaka amakuru ajyanye n’uko ibintu bimeze bitegura inama yo kwiga icyakorwa yagombaga kuba mu mugoroba.

Abari muri iyo nama nta cyemezo bafashe uretse gutanga ibyifuzo by’ibyakorwa ngo imirwano ihagarare n’ubwicanyi bwari bwatangiye buhagarare.

Ku basirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari muri iyo nama bumvaga FPR irimo gutera ubwoba gusa, bumvaga ko MINUAR n’ibihugu by’amahanga biribusabe FPR gusubira mu mishyikirano igahagarika imirwano. Akazi kajyanye n’ibya gisirikare nyirizina katangiye nka saa sita z’ijoro (00h00).

(Photo:Inzirabwoba zari zifite Batterie imwe y’izi 122mm Howitzer. Kubura amasasu yazo byashegeshe Inzirabwoba)

Hamaze kurebwa uko ibintu byifashe byagaragaye ko FPR yafashe gahunda yo kubura imirwano kandi yashyize ingufu nyinshi muri icyo gikorwa.

Etat Major y’ingabo muri Kigali mu guhangana na FPR yari ifite OPS Kigali ville yari ifite Bataillon 2: Bataillon Cyangugu yari ku muhanda Kigali-Gatuna na Bataillon Commando Huye yari kuri Mont Kigali. Muri za Bataillons 3 zindi Etat Major yari ifite muri Kigali: Bataillon Para Commando na Bataillon Garde Présidentielle zari zagiye mu maboko ya OPS Kigali ville kubera imirwano yaberaga ku Kimihurura na Remera. Bataillon yindi yari isigaye ni Bataillon Reconnaissance, za Blindés zayo zari zashinze ibirindiro ahari amazu y’ubutegetsi nka Perezidansi na Radio Rwanda.

Ku bijyanye n’ibikoresho ibiro bya G4 byatanze rapport y’ibikoresho byari bihari. Iyo rapport yahise itera inkeke abari mu nama bose. Ububiko bw’amasasu y’igihugu cyose yari ku rupapuro rusanzwe rwa A4. Amasasu yari make cyane ku buryo mu bubiko bw’Inzirabwoba nta bikoresho bikurikira byarimo:

-Roquettes air-sol za Kajugujugu Gazelle
-Bombes za Blindé AML 90
-Bombes za Howitzer 122 mm
-Bombes za Howitzer 105mm
N’ibindi

(photo:Howitzer 105mm (inkotanyi zazitaga Dimbahasi) nazo zabuze amasasu rugikubita zijya kubikwa i Muramba)

Tubibutse ko uwari Ministre w’Imali Bwana Marc Rugenera yanze ko hagurwa ibikoresho bya gisirikare avuga ko intambara yarangiye. Kuba Guverinoma yariho itari ishyize hamwe ndetse na FPR yarayicengeye biri mu byatumye Inzirabwoba zibura ibikoresho. Abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba nta masasu baherukaga kubona kuva imirwano yo mu ntangiriro za 1993 yarangira.

Uko bigaragara n’uko abateguraga urugamba ku ruhande rwa FPR bari bariteguye urugamba rwa nyuma mu gihe Inzirabwoba zo zumvaga zigiye kuvanga n’ingabo za FPR. Muri uko kwitegura bashatse uburyo binjiza abasirikare benshi mu mujyi wa Kigali uretse Bataillon ya 3 yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga hari abacengeye benshi cyane, ibi bikaba byari bigamije kubuza imitwe y’ingabo y’Inzirabwoba yari ikomeye nka Bataillon Paracommando, Bataillon de Reconnaissance na za Blindés zayo, Bataillon Artillerie de campagne (BAC) na za Howitzer 105mm na Howitzer 122mm zayo, ndetse na Bataillon Commando Huye gutabara aho FPR yashoboraga gutera hose iturutse mu majyaruguru.

Mu ijoro ryo ku ya 7 rishyira iya 8 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zavaga mu majyaruguru zambutse umuhanda Kigali-Byumba ahagana kuri Paruwasi ya Kabuye zerekeza kuri CND ziciye mu kibaya cya Kinyinya na Nyarutarama. Abasirikare ba Bataillon Cyangugu ya Major Rutayisire bari boherejwe hafi yaho birinze gutera izo ngabo ahubwo bakurikirana ibyo zakoraga byose bakabimenyesha Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba.

Kure gato y’inzira ingabo za FPR zakoreshaga hari Bataillon Police Militaire yari mu kigo cy’i Kami, ariko ntacyo yashoboraga gukora ngo ifunge iyo nzira kuko yari kure kandi byasabaga gutegura icyo gikorwa hatirengagijwe ko n’ikigo cya Kami cyari cyugarijwe.

Aba PM ba Major BEMS Bararwerekana bakoze ibikorwa byo gukurikiranira hafi ibyo ingabo za FPR zakoraga no kwitegura kuba bakwirwanaho baramutse batewe.

Ingabo za FPR zaturukaga mu majyaruguru zimaze guhura n’izari muri CND ahagana tariki 8 Mata 1994, ikigo cya Kami cyaragoswe gihita kinagabwaho igitero simusiga, ariko abasirikare na Bataillon Police Militaire bari bayobowe na Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana bashoboye kwihagararaho basubiza inyuma ibyo bitero byose.

Bataillon PM yashoboye kwihagararaho kugeza ahagana tariki ya 25 Mata 1994, aho ingabo nyinshi za FPR zari zambutse ikiyaga cya Muhazi zagabye ibitero simusiga ziturutse mu mpinga za Gikomero. AbaPM n’imiryango yabo bashoboye gusohoka mu kigo cya Kami bashaka inzira mu mirwano itoroshye n’imitego myinshi dore ko n’amabombe yaraswaga n’ingabo za FPR atari aboroheye. Bashoboye gufungura inzira bagera ku Kimironko hari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba bahashinga ibirindiro, kugeza ahagana mu matariki 20 Gicurasi 1994 aho basubiye inyuma kimwe n’izindi Nzirabwoba zari mu gace kegereye Kanombe na Kigali y’Uburasirazuba.

Tugarutse ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994, mu museke ingabo za FPR zavaga i Kabuye n’izo muri CND zari zashoboye guhura no gukora umuhora zacishagamo abasirikare n’ibikoresho byaturukaga mu majyaruguru bigana kuri CND no mu tundi duce.

Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 mu gitondo imirwano yari igikomeje hafi y’ikigo cya Kimihurura hagati ya Bataillon Garde Présidentille ifatanije na 4ème Compagnie ya Bataillon ParaCommando n’ingabo za FPR zari ziyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Charles Kayonga.
I Remera, ingabo za FPR zari zashinze ibirindiro inyuma ya Stade amahoro, amahuriro y’imihanda yo kwa Lando ndetse zimwe muri izo ngabo zarimo zerekeza kuri Sonatube ahagana Kicukiro. Abantu benshi bari batuye muri ako karere batunguwe n’imirwano ku buryo batashoboye guhunga, bamwe biciwe aho abandi bajyanwa kuri stade Amahoro.

Ahagana i Kanombe, Bataillon Paracommando ya Major CGSC Aloys Ntabakuze yagabye igitero ku ngabo za FPR, ndetse ikomeza no gucunga inzira ya Remera-Kicukiro. Abo baPara bashoboye gusunika ingabo za FPR bazikura muri Centre Christus ndetse babohoza Centre ya Remera, ariko byabaye ngombwa ko Bataillon Para Commando ihagarika kwegera imbere igana kuri stade Amahoro ibisabwe na Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba kuko Général Roméo Dallaire wategekaga ingabo za MINUAR yavugaga ko ibisasu byoherezwaga na SP ya Bataillon Para Commando ndetse na Bataillon AC (Artillerie de Campagne) byituraga ku birindiro by’ingabo za MINUAR byari bifatanye n’iby’ingabo za FPR zageragezaga kubuza Bataillon Para Commando kwegera imbere.

Ahagana i Kabuye ikihutirwaga ku Nzirabwoba kwari ugufunga umuhora wahuza ingabo za FPR zaturukaga mu majyaruguru n’izari muri CND. Icyo gikorwa cyashinzwe Bataillon Commando Huye ya Capitaine Nyaminani yari ishinze ibirindiro ku musozi wa Mont Kigali na Bataillon Police Militaire ya Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana yari mu kigo cy’i Kami ahagana mu gitondo cyo ku ya 8 Mata 1994. Gutegura icyo gitero byabaye nyuma ya saa sita, byari byatinze ntabwo bashoboraga kugaba igitero bateguye ku manywa. Ingabo za FPR zakoresheje ako gahenge maze zikomeza ibirindiro ku muhora Kabuye-CND, ndetse zikomeza kongera abasirikare muri Kigali.

Tariki ya 9 Mata 1994, igitero kitari gikomeye cyane cyagabwe na Compagnies ebyiri za Bataillon Cdo Huye ku muhora w’ingabo za FPR wa Kabuye-CND ariko kiburiramo nticyashobora kuwufunga. Ikindi gitero cyagabwe tariki ya 10 Mata nacyo ntacyo cyashoboye kugeraho. Impamvu nyamukuru n’uko izo Compagnies ebyiri za Bn Cdo Huye zateye umuhora wacagamo hafi Alpha Mobile Group ya Col Sam KAKA yose, abasirikare barengaga 2000! Ibyo byatumye ikigo cya Kami gisigara cyonyine kugeza Inzirabwoba zikivuyemo mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Mata 1994.

Ahagana i Kabuye, Inzirabwoba zari zifite umugambi wo kubuza Inkotanyi kwerekeza mu mujyi wa Kigali. Compagnie ya Bataillon Cyangugu yari yoherejwe i Kabuye ku munsi ubanza yari yonyine kandi iyobowe nabi yari yagumye mu birindiro byayo yicecekeye hafi umunsi wose. Ahagana mu Gasyata, Inzirabwoba za 61ème Bataillon yari iyobowe na Capitaine Prudence Nkunzuwimye zaje ziva muri OPS Rulindo yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel BEM Antoine Sebahire ku ya 8 Mata 1994 nyuma ya saa sita. Zashinze ibirindiro i Karuruma hafi y’uruganda rwa gasegereti ruhari, zirebana n’ingabo za FPR zari zimaze hafi amasaha 24 zikomeza ibirindiro byazo.

Ku Kacyiru, ingabo za FPR zarasaga ibisasu bya mortiers/mortars ku kigo cya Gendarmerie guhera mu gitondo cy’itariki ya 8 Mata 1994. Mu ijoro ry’iya 8 rishyira iya 9 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zavaga ahagana i Nyarutarama zegereye icyo kigo cya Kacyiru ziteguye kukigabaho igitero simusiga. Ingabo za FPR zari ziziko icyo gitero cyiza kuzorohera kuko byavugwaga ko abajandarume batamenyereye urugamba.

(Photo:Abasirikare ba MINUAR bararebereye gusa, ntabwo bigeze bashaka kujya hagati y’abarwanaga)

Ku ya 9 Mata 1994, mu rukerera ingabo za FPR zagabye igitero simusiga ku bajandarume ba Camp Kacyiru. Ariko abajandarume bari muri icyo kigo cyari kiyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel GD JMV Nzapfakumunsi, bashoboye kwirwanaho bahagarika ibitero byose by’ingabo za FPR ariko ntibashobora kuzirukana ngo bazisubize inyuma. Byabaye ngombwa ko ubuyobozi bw’akarere k’imirwano ka Kigali bwohereza Compagnies ebyiri za Bataillon Commando Huye ziturutse kuri Mont Kigali gufasha abajandarume ba Camp Kacyiru. Ahagana nyuma ya saa sita abakomando ba Bn Cdo Huye bagabye igitero bashobora gusunika ingabo za FPR barazirukana, ariko byabaye ngombwa ko abajandarume bose bagombaga kwiyegeranyiriza mu kigo cyabo kugira ngo bashobore kukirinda barinde n’imiryango yabo yabaga muri icyo kigo. Muri uko kwiyegeranyiriza mu kigo basize agace ka za Minstères na village urugwiro ntawe uharinze hafatwa n’ingabo za FPR zitarwanye. Abajandarume bakoraga akazi gasanzwe nk’ubugenzacyaha, umutekano wo mu muhanda n’ibindi.. byabaye ngombwa ko bisuganya kugirango birwaneho bayobowe na Lt Col GD Paul Rwarakabije wari G3 wa Gendarmerie, ndetse abandi bajandarume baturutse mu yindi mitwe ya jandarumori nka Groupe mobile, Groupement Kibuye na Butare baje gutera bagenzi babo ingabo mu bitugu bashobora kwirwanaho bahagarika ibitero byose bya FPR. Haje kuza abasirikare ba Bataillon LAA bafashaga abo bajandarume kwirwanaho bakoresheje Canon Bi-tubes 37mm. Ikigo cya Kacyiru n’uduce tuhegereye twabaye isibaniro ry’imirwano ikomeye kugeza mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994 ubwo Inzirabwoba zasohokaga mu mujyi wa Kigali. (Muri iyo ntambara yo ku Kacyiru haguye inkotanyi nyinshi ndetse n’abajandarume navuga nka Major GD Pierre Damien Burakari.)

Ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, kure gato ahagana i Byumba, ingabo za FPR zateye inkambi ya Nyacyonga yarimo abavamywe mu byabo bagera hafi ku 500.000, i Nyacyonga hari hiyegeranyirije abantu benshi bahungaga bava mu nkambi nto zindi ndetse no muri zone Tempo. Ingabo za FPR zarashe mu kivunge cy’abo bavanywe mu byabo. Abo baturage bagerageje guhunga berekeza mu gace kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba. Mu guhunga abo baturage berekeza i Kigali baguye ku birindiro by’ingabo za FPR zari ahagana i Kabuye, ariko kubera ubwinshi bwabo bashoboye guhita abandi bagenda bihisha mu gishanga cya Nyabugogo bagera mu mujyi wa Kigali. Abandi bashoboye guhunga bagana mu duce twari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba za OPS Rulindo mu guhunga bahinguka mu makomini ya Perefegitura ya Gitarama y’uburasirazuba, bagerayo bananiwe, bashonje ndetse bahahamutse.

(Photo:Abasirikare b’inzirabwoba barimo gukoresha Mitrailleuse Lourde 12,7mm)

Tariki ya 10 Mata 1994 ahagana ku Kimihurura ntabwo ibintu byari byahindutse. Ariko ahagana ku Kicukiro na Remera, ingabo za FPR zashyize ingufu nyinshi mu gufata amahuriro y’imihanda ya Sonatube. (muri ibyo bitero byo hafi ya Sonatube niho imodoka yarimo Lieutenant Colonel Dr Kazenga yarashwe maze arakomereka ndetse aza no kwitaba Imana nyuma yaho.)

Ahagana mu majyepfo y’umujyi wa Kigali, hari harimo gutangira urundi rugamba ku musozi wa Rebero, aho ingabo za FPR zageze zifashijwe n’ingabo za MINUAR. Ahagana tariki ya 10 Mata 1994 mu mugoroba, umurongo w’abasirikare ba FPR bagaragaye ahagana Kimisange bikoreye ibintu byinshi bazamuka umusozi wa Rebero, ku buryo n’abantu bari mu biro bya Etat-Major y’ingabo bashoboraga kubona uwo murongo. Abo basirikare ba FPR berekeje ku musozi wa Rebero ahari abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba baterenga 15 bo muri Bataillon LAA (Light Anti Aircraft) bakoreshaga imbunda yari ihari ihanura indege (ishobora kuba yari Quadriple 14,5mm cyangwa Canon Bi-tube 37mm). Abo basirikare ba FPR biyegeranirije munsi y’umusozi wa Rebero maze mu rukerera rwo ku ya 11 Mata 1994 batera Rebero barayifata. Inzirabwoba zari zihari zirwanyeho gato mbere yo gusubira inyuma.

Kubera imirwano yari itangiye gukomera i Kigali, tariki ya 10 Mata 1994 Etat-Major y’Inzirabwoba yavanye 1er Bataillon Muvumba yari iyobowe na Major BEM Emmanuel Neretse muri OPS Ruhengeri iyohereza i Kigali. Compagnies ebyeri zoherejwe ku i Rebero, Compagnie imwe yoherezwa ku musozi wa Jali.

Ahagana nyuma ya saa sita ku ya 11 Mata 1994, akarere k’imirwano ka Kigali kagabye igitero cyo gushaka kwisubiza umusozi wa Rebero. Icyo gitero cyari kigizwe na Compagnies ebyiri za 1er Bataillon Muvumba zifashijwe na Escadron imwe ya Bataillon de Reconnaissance yari ifite za Blindés za AML 90. Ariko ntabwo bashoboye kuhakura ingabo za FPR zari zamaze gushinga ibirindiro neza zanateze ibisasu byinshi bya mines kuri uwo musozi wari ufite agaciro kanini kuko wirengeye Kigali yose.

Mu minsi yakurikiyeho, ingabo za FPR za 59th Mobile ziyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Fred Nyamurangwa zavaga muri CND zashoboye gushakisha inzira mu birindiro by’Inzirabwoba zikajya ku musozi wa Rebero ziciye ku Kicukiro na Gikondo.

Mu Gatsata, igice cy’Inzirabwoba za 1er Bataillon Muvumba zari zoherejwe i Jali ntabwo zashoboye kugerayo kuko ingabo za FPR zari Karuruma zazirasheho ndetse zangiza n’imodoka y’imbere bituma abo basirikare ba 1er Bn Muvumba bagaruka i Kigali mu mujyi.

Ingabo za FPR za Bravo Mobile Group ya Colonel Twahirwa Dodo ifatanije n’abasirikare bamwe ba 101st Mobile Group ya Colonel Charles Muhire zateye Jali izindi zitera Inzirabwoba za 61ème Bataillon zari Karuruma.

Inzirabwoba zihagazeho karahava ariko ntabwo zashobora guhagarika inkotanyi zabarushaga umubare hafi inshuro 3. Ingabo za FPR zashoboye gusunika Inzirabwoba zifata ibigega cya Gatsata n’agace ka Gatsata ku buryo mu mugoroba w’uwo munsi Inkotanyi zari hafi gufata amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo. Ndetse zinarasa zikoresheje za Mortier/Mortar na za Mitrailleuses/machine gun ku duce twa Muhima na Kimisigara.

Inzirabwoba zashoboye kwihagararaho amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo ntiyafatwa cyane cyane zikoresheje imbunda za Mitrailleuses/machine gun 12,7mm zari ku Kimisagara kuri Electrogaz na za Mortiers/mortars zari kuri Mont Kigali ndetse na Canon Bi-tubes 37mm ya Bataillon LAA yari kuri MINIPLAN ku Muhima hafi y’ishuri rya APACOPE.

Abajandarume b’i Jali ntabwo bashoboye kubona ubufasha, birwanyeho kugeza ku ya 20 Mata 1994 ubwo ako gace kagwaga mu maboko ya FPR.

Tariki ya 12 Mata 1994, kubera ko Ingabo za FPR zari zafashe Rebero, ibisasu by’amoko yose byituraga ku duce twose tw’umujyi wa Kigali ndetse n’uko ingabo za FPR zari zugarije amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo, Leta yari yiyise iy’Abatabazi yavuye mu mujyi wa Kigali yimukira i Murambi i Gitarama. Kandi ingabo za FPR za mobile Bravo, 59th, 101st, zari zageze mu mujyi wa Kigali zihasanga Alpha na Bataillon ya 3 ndetse n’abandi basirikare benshi ba FPR bari baracengeye zishaka gufata umujyi ma Kigali.
Imirwano ikomeye yabereye ku Kagugu na Gisozi aho Bataillon de Reconnaissance yatakaje Blindé yo mu bwoko bwa AML 60 cyangwa AML 90. Byabaye ngombwa ko Ingabo za FPR zamanukaga ku Gisozi zigana mu mujyi wa Kigali zihagarikwa n’ibitero bya za Kajugujugu 2 zo mu bwoko bwa Gazelle z’Inzirabwoba zarashe ibisasu bya roquettes kuri izo ngabo.

(Photo:Byabaye ngombwa ko Inzirabwoba zitabaza za Kajugujugu 2 zo mu bwoko bwa Gazelle kugirango zihagarike ingabo za FPR zavaga ku Gisozi zerekeza mu mujyi)

Radio RTLM nayo yarashwe n’Ingabo za FPR bivugwa ko zari ku Gisozi. Icyo gihe Inzirabwoba zarashe bikomeye inzu ya CND ndetse n’umusozi wa Rebero zikoresheje imbunda ziremereye nka za Howitzer 105mm na Howitzer 122mm ndetse zakoreshaga na LMR 107mm Katiyusha yarasiraga hafi y’ikibuga cy’indege i Kanombe irasa mu duce twa Remera.

Ku mugoroba wa tariki ya 12 Mata 1994, uwari Umugaba Mukuru w’Inzirabwoba by’agateganyo, Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi wari wageze mu mujyi wa Kigali mu mugoroba wa tariki 8 Mata 1994 aturutse i Butare nawe ari mu bafashwe n’ubwoba cyangwa hari zindi mpamvu zabimuteye, yasinye itegeko risaba Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba kuva mu mujyi wa Kigali zikerekeza hakurya ya Nyabarongo i Gitarama. Etat Major ngo yagombaga kujya ku Kamonyi, Base AR ikajya i Musambira, naho ibitaro bya gisirikare bya Kanombe bikajya i Kabuga.

Iryo tegeko ryanze gukurikizwa kuko Colonel BEM Gatsinzi yafashe icyo cyemezo ntawe agishije inama byaba ibiro bya G2 cyangwa G3 nta n’umwe wari ubizi. Iryo tegeko ryakuweho tariki ya 13 Mata 1994 mu rukerera kuko iryo tegeko ryari gutuma Inzirabwoba zitarwana uko bikwiye mu mujyi wa Kigali mu gihe Etat-Major yari kuba ihavuye kimwe n’indi mitwe y’ingabo. Kandi byari ugusiga abaturage bari batuye mu mujyi wa Kigali bonyine mu kangaratete.

(Photo:Ubugambanyi bwa bamwe mu Nzirabwoba buri mu byafashije FPR gufata ubutegetsi. Uvuye ibumoso ugana i buryo Gen Gatsinzi, Gen Dallaire, Gen Mugambage)

Colonel BEM Gatsinzi wari Umugaba w’Ingabo w’agateganyo, yatangiye imirimo ye mu mugoroba wo ku ya 8 Mata 1994. Yinjiye muri Kigali ari kumwe na Perezida Théodore Sindikubwabo wari umaze gusimbura Perezida Habyalimana wari witabye Imana ku ya 6 Mata 1994. Guverinoma yari yiyise iy’abatabazi yari iyobowe na Bwana Jean Kambanda yarahiye ku ya 9 Mata 1994, ariko ibintu byarushaga kumera nabi mu mujyi wa Kigali.

Kuva ku ya 7 Mata 1994, umutekano wari muke mu duce twinshi tw’umujyi wa Kigali, hari ubwicanyi, bwibasiye abaturage cyane cyane abatutsi n’abanyapolitiki kimwe n’isubiranamo hagati y’abaturage byaba bishingiye ku bwoko cyangwa ku zindi nzangano zisanzwe, ibyo byajyanaga n’ibikorwa by’ubusahuzi. Ako kaduruvayo katerwaga kenshi n’insoresore z’amashyaka ya politiki yari yivanze n’abagizi ba nabi b’amoko yose ndetse bari banihishemo abasirikare ba FPR bari bashinze za bariyeri baka ibyangombwa abahise bose n’abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bakwaga ibyangombwa ndetse hari n’abasirikare benshi bagiye bicwa n’abo bagizi ba nabi. Ibi byateye akaduruvayo kenshi mu ruhande rwagenzurwaga n’Inzirabwoba bituma bizibangamira bikomeye mu mirwano zarwanaga n’ingabo za FPR.

Ubwicanyi bwibasiraga abaturage b’abatutsi, ndetse n’abaturage bandi b’abahutu, abasirikare ba FPR bari baracegeye mu baturage nabo bagiye bashyira mu kaga abatutsi babaga babacumbikiye, hiyongereyeho ko abo bagizi ba nabi basubiranagamo muri ubwo bwicanyi bakoraga akenshi bapfuye ibintu basahuye.

Abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bamwe bagiye muri ibyo bikorwa ariko muri rusange abo basirikare bitwaye neza. Ibyo bikorwa by’urugomo byari mu gihugu cyose ndetse n’ingabo za FPR zagabaga ibitero byabangamiye cyane Inzirabwoba, kuko benshi mu basirikare basabaga impushya ndetse hakagira abatoroka kugira ngo bajye guhungisha imiryango yabo cyangwa bajye kuyirindira umutekano aho bakomokaga mu giturage kuko guca ku ma bariyeri byari bigoye cyane cyane kuri bamwe muri bo babaga barashakanye n’abatutsikazi. Ntawakwibagirwa kuvuga ko ahantu henshi hari harahungiye abaturage b’abatutsi, bagiye bashyirwa mu kaga n’abasirikare ba FPR ndetse n’abakada babaga barabacengeyemo bafite intwaro.

Kugerageza kugarura umutekano mu gihugu ku nzirabwoba byari bigoye kubera ko Ingabo za FPR zari zikomeje ibitero, akaduruvayo katurukaga ku mashyaka ya politiki kari gakomeye kuva muri za 1991, ubukene, isubiranamo rishingiye ku moko n’ibindi. Gendarmerie na Police Militaire byashoboraga gufasha kugarura umutekano ibigo byabo bya Kami na Kacyiru byari batewe n’ingabo za FPR.

Gen Kagame ntako batamugize ngo yemere imishyikirano ariko yanga kuva kw’izima

Kuva ku itariki ya 10 Mata 1994, ubuyobozi bw’ingabo bwageragezaga kwegeranya amakuru ngo burebe ibyakorwa ngo ubwicanyi bwari mu gihugu hose buhagarare ndetse bashobore no guhangana n’ingabo za FPR zakomezaga gukaza umurego, ariko nk’uko twabivuze haruguru byari bigoye cyane kuko kugirango ubwicanyi buhagarare byasabaga ko hoherezwa ingabo n’abajandarume muri utwo duce. Ntabwo byari byoroshye kuko izo ngabo n’abajandarume bari bahanganye n’ingabo za FPR ku rugamba. Kuba Inzirabwoba zari ziyobowe n’abasirikare bakuru basa nk’abitinya badashaka kugira icyemezo bafata gikomeye byateye ingaruka nini. Urupfu rwa Général Major BEM Nsabimana, kuba Général de Brigade I.G. Gratien Kabiligi na Colonel BEMSG Aloys Ntiwiragabo bari mu butumwa bw’akazi biri mu byashegeshe Inzirabwoba. Hari amakuru yemeza ko iyo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo budahindurwa ngo hajyeho umugaba mukuru mushya Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu na

Bamwe mu basirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari mu mishyikirano yo guhagarika imirwano barimo Lt Col BEM Rwabalinda, Col BEM Gatsinzi

Général de Brigade I.G. Kabiligi agaruke mu Rwanda ahagana mu matariki ya 20 Mata 1994, Kigali iba yarafashwe n’ingabo za FPR bitarenze ukwezi kwa Mata 1994.

Muri icyo gihe inzira yonyine yari isigaye ku Nzirabwoba yari gusaba ko habaho guhagarika imirwano kugira ngo hashobore kuboneka abasirikare n’abajandarume bo kugarura umutekano. Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi yagerageje gusaba ihagarikwa ry’imirwano asabye Général Roméo Dallaire ko yabwira FPR igahagarika ibitero.

Ku ya 12 Mata 1994, Ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba bwasabye kugirana imishyikirano yo guhagarika imirwano na FPR kugira ngo bigire hamwe uburyo bwo kugarura umutekano mu gihugu. Kubera ukuntu FPR yabonaga irimo yegera imbere ntabwo yifuzaga ko habaho ayo masezerano ahubwo yiguzaga ko hakomeza kubaho akaduruvayo mu karere kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba kugirango ibone urwitwazo ndetse ibone icyo yereka amahanga.

Mu itangazo Inzirabwoba zasohoye ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, zasabaga ko imirwano yahagarara ku va ku ya 13 Mata 1994 saa sita z’amanywa. Ibyo ntabwo byubahirijwe kuko imirwano yarakomeje.

Gen Bizimungu yagizwe umugaba mukuru w’Inzirabwoba asanga ibintu byaradogereye

Ku ya 15 Mata 1994, habayeho ibiganiro hagati y’abari bahagarariye Inzirabwoba na FPR byari bihagarariwe na Bwana Jacques Roger Booh-Booh wari uhagarariye umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’abibumbye mu Rwanda. Icyo FPR yasabaga ni uko ngo habaho guhagarika ubwicanyi mu karere kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba mbere yo kwemera guhagarika imirwano. Ibyo byari bigoye kuko abasirikare n’abajandarume bagombaga kujya muri icyo gikorwa cyo guhagarika ubwicanyi bagombaga kuva mu birindiro byabo ku buryo byari guhita bifatwa n’ingabo za FPR tutibagiwe ko FPR yo yari ikomeje ubwicanyi mu karere kari mu maboko yayo. Inzirabwoba zakomeje gusaba imishyikirano ariko FPR kuko yabonaga guhagarika imirwano byazana amahoro kandi FPR yari izi neza ko itashobora gufata ubutegetsi biciye mu nzira y’amahoro yarabyanze. Byageze n’aho Etat-Major y’Inzirabwoba isaba ko habaho amarondo agamije guhagarika ubwicanyi yari kuba agizwe na MINUAR-Inzirabwoba-Inkotanyi, ariko ibi byose FPR yarabyanze.

Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, Leta y’Abatabazi yashatse kwiminjiramo agafu maze iha abasirikare bakuru amapeti ya Jenerali.
Muri bo harimo:

-Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu wari umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano ka Ruhengeri wahise ugirwa umugaba mukuru w’ingabo ku itariki 17 Mata 1994.

-Général de Brigade I.G. Gratien Kabiligi wari ushinzwe imirwano muri Etat Major y’ingabo (G3)

-Général de Brigade Léonidas Rusatira wari umukuru w’ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM. Yaje kwishyira mu maboko ya FPR ipeti rya Général araryamburwa kugeza aho ahungiye ntabwo yongeye kurisubirana.

-Général de Brigade BEM Marcel Gatsinzi wari wahariwe akazi ko kugerageza kumvikana na FPR.

VI. Général Dallaire mu gushaka gucamo ibice Inzirabwoba n’ubwumvikane bucye hagati ya bamwe mu nzirabwoba.

Abanyapolitiki bamwe barwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyalimana ndetse n’umukuru w’ingabo za MINUAR, Général Roméo Dallaire bashatse gucamo ibice abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bakoresheje uturere n’ibindi, bamwe mu basirikare batashatse kwivanga mu bikorwa byabo bya politiki cyangwa ngo bibonekeze kuri Général Dallaire bafatwaga nk’intagondwa, igitangaje n’uko n’abasirikare babaga bazwiho ubutwari bwo kuba baramereye nabi ingabo za FPR ku rugamba bashyirwaga nabo muri icyo gice cy’intagondwa.

Hari igice cy’abasirikare, abanyapolitiki barwanyaga Perezida Habyalimana babonaga nk’aho badashyigikiye Perezida Habyalimana (uretse ko bibeshye kuri bamwe muri bo) akenshi bitewe n’uturere tw’u Rwanda bakomokagamo abo nibo abo banyapolitiki babwiye Général Dallaire ko ari modérés ndetse no mu gitabo cye Général Dallaire avuga ko yizeraga ko abo basirikare modérés bashobora gukora Coup d’Etat maze ibintu bikagenda neza uko yabishakaga. (Aha ushobora kubona urutonde rw’abasirikare bakuru b’Inzirabwoba bari mu kazi n’uturere bakomokagamo hatarimo abo muri Gendarmerie) mu 1994. Ubwo yinjiraga mu nama y’abakuru b’imitwe y’ingabo yaberaga muri ESM tariki ya 7 Mata 1994, akabonamo bamwe mubo yitaga modérés ariko abonye ko na Colonel BEMS Théoneste Bagosora yari ahari ngo icyizere cya Coup d’Etat yari yizeye cyarayoyotse.

Ubwumvikane bucye hagati ya Colonel Rusatira na Colonel BEMS Bagosora nabwo bwarigaragaje butuma Colonel Rusatira atongera kwitabira inama z’abakuru b’ingabo, ngo ubwo bwumvikane bucye buturuka igihe bakoranaga muri Ministère y’ingabo.

Itegeko Colonel BEM Gatsinzi wari umugaba mukuru w’ingabo by’agateganyo yatanze ryo kwimurira Etat Major y’ingabo ku Kamonyi, bamwe mu bakuru b’ingabo bakanga kuryubahiriza rigakurwaho ritarashyirwa mu bikorwa nabyo biri mu bigaragaza ubwo bwumvikane bucye bwari buhari. Dore ko nta wundi mwanya yahawe nyuma y’aho aviriye ku buyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba uretse kugerageza kuba yashyikirana na FPR.

Kuba Colonel BEM Augustin Bizimungu yaragizwe umugaba mukuru w’inzirabwoba ndetse akaba na Général Major ari uwo muri promotion ya 13 bikaba ngombwa ko ategeka abasirikare benshi bamutanze mu gisirikare kugeza no kubo muri promotion ya 6 nka ba Colonel Rusatira na Colonel Munyengango ntabwo byashimishije benshi.

Kubera ukuntu ibintu byari bimeze icyo gihe hari abasirikare bakuru bagaragaje ubushake bucye mu kurwanya FPR ndetse n’uburyo FPR yagendaga yegera imbere bityo icyizere mu baturage kiragabanuka ku buryo hari bamwe batari bakizera Inzirabwoba bavuga ko zirimo ibyitso byinshi, aha niho Leta yari yiyise iy’abatabazi yibwiraga ko abaturage bashobora kwirindira umutekano, icyo nibyo byavuyemo akaduruvayo n’ubwicanyi bwinshi kubera abaturage bari basanzwe bafitanye inzangano ziyongereyeho ibikorwa by’urugomo n’ubusahuzi dore ko abagizi ba nabi b’ingeri zose ntawe wari ukibakurikirana kubera intambara yari ikomeye, hiyongereyeho ko FPR yegeraga imbere nayo ikora ubwicanyi, abaturage b’abatutsi bahise bibasirwa bidasubirwaho kuko baregwaga kuba ibyitso bya FPR dore ko kubera isinywa ry’amasezerano y’Arusha no kuza muri CND kw’abasirikare ba FPR abenshi ntabwo bahishaga ko bashyigikiye FPR. Ariko sibo bonyine bibasiwe kuko byageze aho n’abasa n’abatutsi kw’isura n’abahutu bitwaga ibyitso bya FPR bicwaga tutibagiwe ko n’abicaga ubwabo basubiranagamo.

Hagaragaye abantu bashyashya b’intagondwa b’abahutu bitwaje ubwirinzi bw’abaturage bihindura ibigirwamana ku buryo babaga bafite ububasha burengeje mu kuyobora ubwicanyi. Ari abarwanaga na FPR nyabyo ari ababaga bari mu bwicanyi n’ibindi bikorwa by’urugomo bose bahawe izina ry’Interahamwe ubundi ryari risanzwe ari iry’urubyiruko rwa MRND (bamwe mu bari mu rubyiruko rwa MRND bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi) ariko ntabwo byahagarariye aho kuko byageze aho abatutsi bamwe b’intagondwa baryita abahutu bose kugeza ubu!

Izina rya Colonel BEMS Bagosora ryabaye icyamamare kw’isi yose kubera inkuru zakwijwe ko ngo ariwe wateguye Genocide akanayishyira mu bikorwa, bigaragara ko abakwije izo nkuru ari abo Colonel BEMS Bagosora yaba yarabangamiye mu bikorwa byabo cyane cyane Général Roméo Dallaire univugira mu gitabo cye ko kuba Colonel BEMS Bagosora yari ahari byaburijemo umugambi yizeraga ko washoboka wo gukora Coup d’Etat. Kuba Colonel BEMS Bagosora ari umwe basirikare bakuru bari basigaye bakomokaga mu Bushiru (dore ko abenshi bari baragiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru) yari ikimenyetso cy’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyalimana n’icyo abanyapolitiki bari barise Akazu. (Uretse ko mu manza zitandukanye mu rukiko rw’Arusha nta kimenyetso na kimwe kigeze kigaragazwa cyerekana ko gutegura Genocide byabayeho n’akazu kigeze kabaho, ndetse n’umuyapolitiki Bwana Faustin Twagiramungu wari mu barwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyalimana mu buhamya yahaye urukiko rw’Arusha yivugiye ko izina Akazu ryahimbwe n’abanyapolitiki kugira ngo basebye ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Habyalimana.)

Ikindi gitangaje n’ukuntu abayobozi b’ingabo z’inzirabwoba abenshi bafashwe n’urukiko rwa Arusha uretse Général Gatsinzi n’abandi bacye bari bafite imyanya y’ubuyobozi. Byumvikane ko mu ihigwa ry’abahoze mu Nzirabwoba, amahanga yakoreshaga Général Dallaire mu guha ubutegetsi FPR yaba yarabigizemo uruhare runini ndetse uwavuga ko Général Dallaire yabatungiye agatoki ntiyaba yibeshye.

Ntawabura kuvuga ko Général Dallaire yagize uruhare runini mu gucyura abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari barahungiye muri Zaïre bari biganjemo abashize umukono ku itangazo ryitiriwe Kigeme. (Iryo tangazo ryavugaga ko abarishyizeho umukono bitandukanyije n’abandi ko batagize uruhare mu bwicanyi ko biyemeje kujya gukorana na FPR. Bamwe mubarishyizeho umukono hari Colonel Rusatira, Général Gatsinzi, Major Cyiza, Major BEM Habyalimana, Major Ndamage n’abandi..). Ku banyamahanga bamwe kudasinya itangazo rya Kigeme byagaragaye nk’uko ari ugushyigikira ubwicanyi cyangwa kuba warabugizemo uruhare.

Ingabo z’amahanga zari zaje mu Rwanda guhungisha abanyamahanga zari zimaze gutaha ndetse tariki ya 21 Mata 1994 Inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe amahoro kw’isi yafashe icyemezo 912 cyo kugabanya umubare w’abasirikare ba MINUAR ukava ku 2500 hagasigara 270 bonyine. Hari bamwe bakoresheje ikinyoma cyo kwemeza ko abasirikare 10 b’ababiligi bishwe kugira ngo ingabo za MINUAR zive mu Rwanda, ariko amakuru ndetse n’ibimenyetso byinshi byerekana ko iyicwa ry’ababiligi cyari igikorwa gitunguranye kandi abayobozi b’Inzirabwoba bagerageje kugihagarika. Kandi byaje kugaragara mu nyuma ko ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba butifuzaga ko Ingabo za MINUAR zigenda kuko nta masasu ahagije bari bafite kandi byari guha FPR uburyo bwo gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu.

Si abasirikare b’ababiligi 10 bapfuye gusa, kuko tariki ya 31 Gicurasi 1994, Capitaine Mbaye Diagne wakomokaga mu gihugu cya Sénégal yahitanywe n’igisasu cya mortier 82mm cyaguye ku modoka yarimo ahagana mu Kanogo kirashwe n’ingabo za FPR.

Hari abasirikare b’abafaransa baje gucyura bene wabo (bari mu cyo bise opération Amaryllis hagati yo ku ya 8 Mata 1994 kugeza ku ya 14 Mata 1994. Abo basirikare bari bavuye i Bangui na Libreville. Bari bagizwe n’abasirikare ba 3eme RPIMa na 8eme RPIM z’ingabo z’Abafaransa)

Haje kandi abasirikare b’ababiligi b’abaparacommando mu gikorwa kiswe: opération Silver Back cyari kigamije gucyura ababiligi n’abandi banyamahanga babaga mu Rwanda no gufasha abasirikare b’ababiligi bari muri MINUAR gutaha ndetse hari n’abasirikare b’Abatariyani bakeya bari mu cyo bise Operation Ippocampo Rwanda.

Tubibutse ko abayobozi ba FPR barangajwe imbere na Général Major Paul Kagame basabye ingabo z’amahanga kuva mu Rwanda ndetse baziha n’iminsi ntarengwa yo kuba zavuye mu Rwanda.

Gukura mu Rwanda ingabo z’amahanga zagombaga guherwaho mu guhagarika ubwicanyi no kugabanya umubare w’abasirikare ba MINUAR byagaragaye ko FPR n’abari bayishyigikiye bashakaga gufata ubutegetsi ku ngufu, bakaba barangaga ko imirwano yahagarara ngo habeho gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano yashoboraga kuzaganisha ku matora FPR yari izi neza ko itazatsinda ngo yiharire ubutegetsi.

Hari amakuru yaturukaga mu nzego z’ubutasi z’u Bubiligi yavugaga ko Ingabo za FPR zishobora gufata umujyi wa Kigali mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 3. Ibyo byari gushoboka kubera impamvu zikurikira:

-Umugaba mukuru w’inzirabwoba icyo gihe Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi yari amaze gutanga amategeko ko Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba ndetse n’imwe mu mitwe y’ingabo yava mu mujyi wa Kigali ikimurirwa hakurya ya Nyabarongo ahitwa ku Kamonyi muri Gitarama. Ibyo byashoboraga gituma Inzirabwoba zirwana zidashishikaye cyane. Ariko ayo mategeko ntabwo yashyizwe mu bikorwa. Hari amakuru avuga ko ayo yashoboraga kuba ari amayeri ya Colonel BEM Gatsinzi na Général Roméo Dallaire yo guha FPR umujyi wa Kigali. Ariko habaye igikorwa gitunguraye ubuyobozi bw’ingabo burahinduka, umugaba mukuru mushya Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu ndetse n’abandi basirikare b’Inzirabwoba biyemeza kurwana ku mujyi wa Kigali mpaka.

-Ingabo za FPR zari zimaze kugeza mu mujyi wa Kigali hafi abasirikare barenga ibihumbi 10. Imitwe y’ingabo ya FPR ikurikira yari imaze gusesekara muri Kigali: Alpha Mobile, Bravo Mobile, 101st Mobile, 59th Mobile, kongeraho abasirikare bari muri CND n’abandi bari baracengeye mu gihugu, ndetse n’indi mitwe mito ya FPR itandukanye. Nyuma y’ifatwa rya Byumba 21st Mobile nayo yaje kurwanira muri Kigali, ukwezi kwa Mata 1994 kujya gushira na 7th Mobile nayo yageze i Kigali iturutse inzira ya Kabuga na Rwamagana.

Ingabo z’amahanga zikimara kuva mu Rwanda, Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba yahise ibona ko igisigaye ari ukwirwanaho nta kundi kuko icyizere cy’amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano cyari kimaze kuyoyoka. Si ibyo gusa kuko umugaba mushya w’Inzirabwoba wari umaze kujyaho ariwe Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu, yasanze ibintu byarazambye.

I Kigali, umusozi wa Rebero wari umeze kurekerwa FPR nyuma y’imirwano simusiga yamaze iminsi 9. N’ubwo Inzirabwoba zari zifite ubushake bwo gufata umusozi wa Rebero wari hagati mu birindiro byazo ntabwo zashoboye kwirukana abasirikare bari biganjemo aba 59th Mobile ya FPR bari bayobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Fred Nyamurangwa, kubera imbunda nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa Mitrailleuses/Machine gun ingabo za FPR zari kuri uwo musozi zakoreshaga n’ibisasu byinshi bitegwa mu butaka zari zashyize imbere y’ibirindiro byazo. Inzirabwoba zo zagize ikibazo cyo kubura ibisasu byo mu bwoko bwa roquettes na za grenades ziraswa n’imbunda byo gusenya ibirindiro bya FPR. Iyo mirwano yari ikomeye cyane yaguyemo abasirikare benshi ku mpande zombi. Nk’uko Lieutenant Ruzibiza abivuga mu gitabo cye yise Rwanda l’histoire secrète avuga ko 59th Mobile yatakaje abasirikare bagera kuri 300 ku musozi wa Rebero.

Umusozi wa Rebero, Inzirabwoba zawurasheho cyane zikoresheje imbunda za Howitzer 105mm ndetse na Howitzer 122mm. Guhera ku itariki 19 Mata 1994 ariko Inzirabwoba zaretse kugaba ibitero ku i Rebero nyuma yo kuwurasaho ibisasu by’imbunda za Howitzer 105mm bya nyuma zari zifite. Izo mbunda ndetse na za Howitzer 122mm zahise zijya kubikwa ku Gisenyi ahitwa i Muramba kubera kubura amasasu.

Ikigo cya Kami cyari kigoswe n’ingabo za FPR, ariko Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana wari uyoboye icyo kigo ndetse na Bataillon Police Militaire yakomeje kwizera ko Inzirabwoba zishobora guhindura ibintu hakaboneka uburyo bamwoherereza abasirikare bo kumufasha. Ariko ahagana mu matariki ya 25 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zari zambutse Muhazi ziturutse mu mpinga za Gikomero zagabye igitero simusiga ku kigo cya Kami. Byabaye ngombwa ko AbaPM n’imiryango yabo barwana bashakisha inzira ariko baraswaho amabombe menshi ariko amaherezo bahinguka ku Kimironko hari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba.

I Kigali, ingabo za FPR zari zishinze ibirindiro kuva ku Kimironko kugera ku Kacyiru ndetse ahagana kuri Sonatube ku Kicukiro zari zegeye imbere mu birindiro by’Inzirabwoba. Ibigo bya gisirikare bya Kacyiru na Kimihurura byari byugarijwe ingabo za FPR. Mu majyaruguru y’umujyi, Inzirabwoba zari zashoboye guhagarika Ingabo za FPR mbere y’uko zigera ku mahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo ariko hari ibirindiro bikomeye by’ingabo za FPR ku misozi ya Jali na Gisozi.

Ingabo za FPR zakomeje kugaba ibitero bikomeye ku kigo cya Gendarmerie ku Kacyiru ariko abajandarume bakomeza kwihagararaho. I Gikondo ahagana kuri Rwandex imirwano yari ikomeye cyane ndetse Inzirabwoba zatakaje Blindé yo mu bwoko bwa AML 60. Ingabo za FPR zashoboye gufata akarere ka Kicukiro karimo uruganda rwa Bralirwa.

Umujyi wa Kigali nawo warashweho n’ingabo za FPR bombes nyinshi zitandukanye harimo n’izo mu bwoko bwa 122mm Howitzer zaraswaga n’imbunda zari zishinze ahagana i Gikomero, zimwe muri Bombe zaguye ku bitaro bya Kigali, Isoko ryo mu mujyi ndetse na Sainte Famille.

OPS Byumba yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel BEM Juvénal Bahufite yasaga nk’aho igoswe n’ingabo za FPR za 21st Mobile ya Colonel Charles Musitu n’andi mitwe mito ya za Mobile zari zerekeje i Kigali zari zagiye zisiga mu nzira kuva tariki ya 8 Mata 1994, Inzirabwoba zakomeje kwihagararaho zizeye ko hashobora kubaho guhagarika imirwano byakurikirwa no gusubira mu biganiro. Ariko byabaye ngombwa ko tariki ya 20 Mata 1994 ingabo za OPS Byumba zishakisha inzira mu birindiro by’ingabo za FPR zari zizigoze, mu gikorwa kitagenze neza cyane kuko inzira zose zasohokaga mu mujyi wa Byumba zari zafunzwe n’ingabo za FPR. Inzirabwoba za OPS Byumba zashoboye kubona inzira zigera mu birindiro bya OPS Rulindo yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel BEM Antoine Sebahire.

Ku ngabo za FPR umujyi wa Byumba wari ufite agaciro kanini kuko i Kigali hari abasirikare benshi ba FPR bari bakomeretse, kugeza ku basirikare ba FPR bari i Kigali amasasu n’ibindi bari bakeneye byari bigoye, kuba Inzirabwoba zari zikigenzura umuhanda Kigali-Gatuna ndetse zigatega imitego myinshi ingabo za FPR zavaga mu majyaruguru zerekeza i Kigali, byatumye ubuyobozi bw’ingabo za FPR bukoresha ingufu zose zishoboka kugira ngo zifate Byumba. Iyo murwano yayobowe na Colonel Steven Ndugute Karisoriso wari ushinzwe ibikorwa bya gisirikare mu ngabo za FPR (operations Commander) ndetse hitabajwe n’imbunda ziremereye ingabo za Uganda zari zaratije FPR zategekwaga na Lieutenant Colonel Kabarebe, zarimo za 122mm Howitzer ndetse hari amakuru adafite gihamya avuga ko harimo na za Canons sans recul/Recoilless 106mm zarasaga bombes ziturika inshuro nyinshi. Si ibyo gusa kuko mu gace ka Byumba hagaragaye za Kajugujugu z’ingabo za Uganda.

Inzirabwoba zari zivuye muri OPS Byumba zimaze kwisuganya, Umugaba mukuru w’Inzirabwoba mushya Général Major Bizimungu igikorwa cya mbere yakoze ni ukureba uburyo akoresheje ubuyobozi bwa OPS Rulindo ya Lieutenant Colonel BEM Antoine Sebahire, yafata umusozi wa Jali kuko ingabo za FPR zari kuri uwo musozi zari zugarije amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo. Muri icyo gitero umugaba mukuru w’Inzirabwoba Général Major Bizimungu yakurikiranaga ubwe ari kumwe n’abayobozi b’imitwe y’ingabo yari ku rugamba hitabajwe n’imitwe y’ingabo yahoze muri OPS Byumba.

Kuri uwo musozi wa Jali hari ingabo za FPR za Bravo Mobile ya Colonel Twahirwa Dodo ndetse na 101st Mobile ya Charles Muhire. Inzirabwoba zakoze iyo bwabaga ariko ingabo za FPR nazo zari zashyize ingufu nyinshi kuri uwo musozi. Imirwano simusiga yamaze iminsi itatu ariko Inzirabwoba ntabwo zashoboye kugumana uduce zabaga zimaze gufata. Iyi mirwano y’i Jali iri mu mirwano imwe yari ikomeye cyane muri iriya ntambara yo muri 1994 kandi yaguyemo abasirikare benshi ku mpande zombi: Natanga urugero rwa Compagnie ya 1 ya 53ème Bataillon y’Inzirabwoba yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Anselme Ahimana yapfushije abasirikare 10 abandi 20 barakomereka ku musozi wa Jali wonyine. Ntawabura kuvuga ko n’indi mitwe y’Inzirabwoba yatakaje abasirikare benshi muri urwo rugamba. Ku ruhande rwa FPR naho haguye abasirikare benshi abandi barakomereka cyane cyane abo muri Bravo Mobile yategekwaga na Colonel Twahirwa Dodo.

Bamwe mu basirikare bahoze muri OPS Byumba byabaye ngombwa ko bakurwa i Jali kugira ngo bafashe mu kurinda umujyi wa Kigali, no kugerageza gutangira ingabo za FPR zisukaga mu Bugesera ku bwinshi.

OPS MUTARA ntabwo yashoboye kwihagararaho, ndetse umuntu ntiyabura kuvuga ko ugukwirwa imishwaro kw’imitwe y’ingabo yari igize ako karere k’imirwano yatumye FPR-Inkotanyi ishobora gufata igihugu ku buryo buyoroheye. Kuri benshi mu Nzirabwoba byabaye nk’igitutsi ku basirikare b’intwali bari bararwanye ku Mutara nka ba Général Major BEM Nsabimana, Lieutenant Colonel BEMS Rwendeye n’abandi…

-Abategekaga ingabo muri ako karere ntabwo bari bamenyereye urugamba: Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard Nkundiye wategekaga OPS yari avuye mu barindaga Perezida Habyalimana, ntabwo yari yararwanye intambara zikomeye zo mu 1990,1991, 1992…, Major BEM Emmanuel Habyalimana wari S2-S3 yaherukaga iby’imirwano mu Kwakira 1990 ubwo yananiwe kubahiriza inshingano ze agafungwa.

-OPS Mutara kandi yari igizwe n’amabataillon mashya kandi yari ayobowe n’abasirikare bato.

-Bivugwa ko hari za Bataillons zahawe amasasu adahuye n’imbunda abasirikare bari bafite.

OPS Mutara yatewe na mobiles 2 za FPR (Mobile imwe yagiraga abasirikare bakabakaba 2000)

- 7th mobile yari iyobowe na Colonel William Bagire na OPTO Major Ngumbayingwe (waje kugwa mu mirwano i Kabuga)

-157th mobile ya FPR yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Fred Ibingira yungirijwe na ba Major Wilson Gumisiriza, Major Mubarak Muganga, Lieutenant Colonel Eric Murokore..

Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 nyuma ya saa sita, uwayoboraga akarere, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard Nkundiye, yamenyeshejwe ko ingabo ze zari zegereye umupaka w’u Rwanda na Uganda zari mu mirwano ikaze n’ingabo za FPR- Inkotanyi. Ingabo za FPR za 157th Mobile zateye ahagana Ryabega ahari amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyagatare-Kagitumba-Gabiro.

Bukeye bwaho, tariki ya 8 Mata 1994 byaradogereye. Kuko amabataillons y’inzirabwoba yari mu birindiro bya Ngarama , Muvumba na Gituza zasubiye inyuma. Bitwikiriye ijoro, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Nkundiye na Etat-major ye bahise bimukira ku biro bya Komini Murambi.

Ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, Inzirabwoba zari Kagitumba, Ryabega na Nyagatare zatangiye kurwana zisubira inyuma. Ku gicamunsi n’ikigo cya Gabiro Lieutenant Colonel BEM Nkundiye yari yaraye avuyemo cyarafashwe. Inzirabwoba zikusanyiriza mu misozi ya Nyakayaga na Rwagitima.

Nta gahenge ku munsi wakurikiyeho. Lieutenant Colonel BEM Nkundiye yongeye guhambira bundi bushya ajya mu kigo cya jandarumeri i Rwamagana, mu birometero bibarirwa muri 50 uvuye mu mujyi wa Kigali.

Ni ukuvuga ko ingabo za FPR zegereye imbere ibirometero birenze ijana mu gihe kitageze ku byumweru 2.

OPS Kibungo yari iyobowe na Colonel BEM Anselme Nkuliyekubona, ikaba yari igizwe na Bataillon RUSUMO yategekwaga na Capitaine Alexandre Mugarura.

Inzirabwoba zari mu gace k’Umutara ntabwo zashoboye kwihagaraho. Mu gusubira inyuma zageze mu karere ka Kayonza kabarizwaga mu karere k’imirwano ka Kibungo (OPS Kibungo) ahagana tariki ya 14 Mata 1994. Abasirikare bamwe ba OPS Mutara basubiye inyuma bagana mu cyerekezo cya Kigali abandi mu cyerekezo cya Kibungo. Muri iyo minsi kandi hari amakuru avuga ko hagaragaye indege yo mu bwoko bwa Hercule C 130 ishobora kuba yari iturutse muri Uganda igendera hasi cyane.

Bataillons zari zigize OPS Mutara zari zakwiriye imishwaro ku buryo byatumye uburyo bwo kwirinda kw’inzirabwoba bubangamirwa mu gihugu cyose ndetse no muri OPS Kibungo by’umwihariko. Byari bigoye kuri OPS Kibungo kwihagararaho kuko yari ifite Bataillon 1 gusa.

Habaye inama i Kayonza tariki ya 15 Mata 1994, hagati y’umukuru w’inzirabwoba w’agateganyo Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi, umukuru wa OPS Mutara Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard Nkundiye n’umukuru wa OPS Kibungo Colonel BEM Anselme Nkuliyekubona. Basabye Lieutenant Colonel BEM Nkundiye gukoresha abasirikare yari ayoboye bakagerageza guhagarika ingabo za FPR , ariko OPS MUTARA ntabwo yashoboye kubigeraho ahubwo Inkotanyi zakomeje kwegera imbere.

OPS Kibungo nayo yahise yohereza Bataillon RUSUMO ya Capitaine Alexandre Mugarura. Ariko ntabwo yashoboye guhagarika ingabo za FPR kuko yarwanaga yonyine abasirikare ba OPS Mutara bari bakwiriye imishwaro. Bataillon Rusumo yagerageje kwihagararaho ndetse itakaza n’abasirikare bake ariko byabaye ngombwa ko isubira inyuma.

Ingabo za FPR zimaze gufata Kayonza ahagana tariki 16 Mata 1994, zigabyemo amashami abiri, 157th Mobile ya Lieutenant Colonel Fred Ibingira yerekeza i Kibungo naho 7th Mobile ya Colonel William Bagire yerekeza Rwamagana na Kigali. Rwamagana yafashwe n’ingabo za FPR nyuma yo kuyirasaho ibisasu bya Katiyusha. Inzirabwoba zagerageje gutabara nuri ako gace zaguye mu mutego w’abasirikare ba FPR ba za 7th Mobile na 157th barashe ku mabisi bituma basubira inyuma.

Hagati ya tariki ya 17 na 18 Mata 1994, OPS Kibungo yagerageje gukora uko ishoboye kugirango ikereze ingabo za FPR ntizigere mu mujyi wa Kibungo vuba, hari abasirikare bari bavuye mu Mutara bari biganjemo abo muri Bataillon ya 74 bagerageje guhagarika ingabo za FPR i Kabarondo, ariko ntabwo byabujije ingabo za FPR gukomeza kwegera imbere.

Inzirabwoba zasubiye inyuma zishinga ibirindiro mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Kibungo, zari ziganjemo abasirikare ba 74ème Bataillon na Bataillon Rusumo.

Icyo kigo cyatangiye koherezwaho amabombe n’ingabo za FPR zari ku misozi ikikije icyo kigo ariko ntabwo izo ngabo zakigabyeho igitero. Colonel BEM Nkuliyekubona wari uyoboye OPS Kibungo yasabye uruhushya ubuyobozi bukuru bw’Ingabo rwo kugerageza kurwana asohoka mu kigo cya Kibungo kuko nta bikoresho bihagije yari afite byari gutuma amenya aho umwanzi aherereye ndetse n’ibyo gutuma ashobora guhangana nawe, ingabo zimwe za FPR zari zirimo kwerekeza ku mupaka wa Rusumo.

Ubuyobozi bukuru bw’Inzirabwoba bwohereje Bataillons ebyiri mu karere ka Sake kugira ngo barebe ko bafasha OPS Kibungo. Izo Bataillons zagombaga kugera i Kibungo ahagana tariki ya 21 Mata 1994, ariko ntabwo byashobotse OPS Kibungo yakomeje kwirwanaho yonyine ndetse yari ifite inkomere n’abapfuye benshi kubera ibisasu byinshi byoherezwaga n’ingabo za FPR ku kigo cya Kibungo.

Igice cy’ingabo za FPR za 157th Mobile zari ziyobowe na Major Mubarak Muganga zakomeje zerekeza ku mupaka wa Rusumo zirawufata, icyo gihe abaturage barenze ibihumbi 200 bahungiye muri Tanzaniya.

Hagati ya tariki ya 22 na 23 Mata 1994, OPS Kibungo yemerewe n’ubuyobozi bw’ingabo kuva mu kigo cya Kibungo ikarwana isubira inyuma igana mu burengerazuba igashinga ibirindiro hagati y’ibiyaga bya Mugesera na Sake.

Muri ako karere ka Sake OPS Kibungo yari igizwe na Bataillon Rusumo na 74ème Bataillon yari yavuye mu Mutara yahasanze indi mitwe y’Inzirabwoba yari yavuye mu majyaruguru nka 81ème Bataillon, 3ème Bataillon Muvumba na Groupement Gendarmerie ya Rwamagana. Ariko iyo mitwe y’ingabo ntabwo yari yuzuye bamwe mu basirikare bari bayigize bari bamaze kugenda.

Ingabo za FPR za 7th Mobile ya Colonel Bagire zari zaciye umuhanda Rwamagana-Kigali zerekezaga i Kigali nta ngabo zo kuzitangira zihari, byabaye ngombwa ko ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba zisaba Colonel BEM Anselme Nkuliyekubona kujya kurwana ku kigo cya Kanombe, yajyanye na 3ème Bataillon Muvumba na 74ème Bataillon, bambutse ikiraro kiri hagati ya Kibungo n’u Bugesera, baca i Gako mu Bugesera, bambuka ikiraro cya Kanzenze kiri ku mugezi wa Nyabarongo gihuza Kigali n’u Bugesera. Bakomeza iruhande rwa Nyabarongo bafata umuhanda ugana i Butamwa, na Nyarurama bahinguka kuri Stade i Nyamirambo. Aho bahahuriye na Général I.G Gratien Kabiligi G3 (ushinzwe imirwano) mu buyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo, ajyana nabo baca i Gikondo, Kicukiro, Rubilizi bagera i Kanombe.

Ifatwa rya Kibungo ku buryo bworoshye n’ingabo za FPR kwagize ingaruka nini ku baturage ba Kibungo kuko abenshi ntabwo bashoboye guhunga, Kibungo iri muri tumwe mu duce tw’u Rwanda twapfushije abantu benshi cyane.

OPS Kigali-Ville yategekwaga na Colonel BEMS Muberuka yagabanyijwemo ibice 2, Kigali y’uburasirazuba ihabwa Colonel BEM Anselme Nkuliyekubona naho Kigali y’Uburengerazuba ihabwa Colonel BEMS Muberuka.

(Photo:Canon sans recul 75mm y’Inzirabwoba hafi y’ikibuga cy’indege i Kanombe)

Kigali y’Uburasirazuba yari igizwe na Bataillon Para Commando ya Major CGSC Ntabakuze yari i Remera ahaga ku giporoso, centre ya Remera na Centre Christus, Bataillon Police Militaire ya Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana yari ku Kimironko aho yashinze ibirindiro imaze kuva mu kigo cyayo cya Kami, 3ème Bataillon Muvumba, 74ème Bataillon, 94ème Bataillon, Compagnie 1 ya 81ème Bataillon, na 51ème Bataillon ya Major Claudien Karegeya yari imaze kuva i Kabuga nyuma y’imirwano ikomeye yo kuyitabara aho yari yagotewe n’ingabo za FPR.

I Kanombe kandi hari imitwe y’ingabo itandukanye yari ishinzwe akazi ka Tekiniki nka Base AR ya Lieutenant Colonel JMV Ndahimana, Compagnie Génie ya Major Munyampotore, Batîments Militaire ya Major Ir Ntibihora, igice cya Bataillon LAA ya Lt Col CGSC Hakizimana n’iyindi.

Ingabo za FPR za 7th Mobile ya Colonel Bagire zari ziturutse i Kayonza na Rwamagana zageze i Kabuga ahagana tariki ya 27 Mata 1994. Zahanganye na za Bataillons zimwe zahoze muri OPS Byumba. N’ubwo bwose Inzirabwoba zagerageje kwihagararaho ntacyo byatanze kuko ingabo za FPR zaciye mu mpande zihinguka ku misozi ya Masaka, Rusororo, Ndera na Rubungo zihita zihura n’izindi ngabo za FPR zari zaturutse Gikomero, Kigali na Byumba. Ni ukuvuga ko ikigo n’ikibuga cy’i Kanombe byari byagoswe.
Igihe ingabo zari ziyowe na Col BEM Nkuliyekubona zageraga i Kanombe zivuye i Kibungo, hatarashira iminsi itatu, ingabo za FPR zashatse gutera ikigo cya Kanombe ziciye mu gace Murindi wa Kanombe, Nyarugunga, Busanza na Rubirizi ako gace nta basirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari baharinze.

Icyo gihe 51ème Bataillon y’Inzirabwoba yari igotewe i Kabuga. Inzirabwoba zashoboye gusubiza inyuma ibyo bitero byose ndetse zishobora no kubohora 51ème Bataillon yari igotewe i Kabuga.

Ku nzirabwoba ikigo cya Kanombe ndetse n’ikibuga cy’indege byari bifite agaciro kanini. Inzirabwoba zakomeje kwihagararaho zisubiza inyuma ibitero byose by’ingabo za FPR za 7th Mobile yatakaje n’abasirikare benshi itera ku kigo cya Kanombe kugeza tariki ya 19 Gicurasi 1994, ubwo ingabo za FPR zashoboye gusunika bamwe mu basirikare ba 94ème Bataillon na 3ème Bataillon Muvumba bari bashinze ibirindiro hafi y’ikigo cya Kanombe. Akarere k’imirwano ka Kigali y’uburasirazuba kari kamaze kumera nk’akagoswe kuko ingabo za FPR zari zashoboye gufata Gikondo n’uduce tumwe twa Kigali y’Uburasirazuba, ku buryo ingabo za FPR zari zashinze ibirindiro kuva kuri CND kugeza ku musozi wa Rebero.

Inzirabwoba zari mu karere ka Kanombe zari zitangiye kubura ibiryo, amazi, amasasu y’imbunda nto n’inini dore ko kuva intambara yatangira Inzirabwoba nta masasu ahagije zari zifite nk’uko twabivuze haruguru.

Colonel BEM Nkuliyekubona yasabye uruhushya ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo gutera ibirindiro bya FPR agashaka inzira ijyana ingabo za Kigali y’uburasirazuba mu karere ka Kigali y’uburengerazuba. Ariko mbere yaho Inzirabwoba zagombaga kuva ku kibuga cya Kanombe bakagishyikiriza MINUAR (ntacyo byatanze kuko MINUAR yahise igiha ingabo za FPR).

Tariki ya 20 Gicurasi 1994, Colonel BEM Nkuliyekubona yabonye uruhushya rw’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’inzirabwoba rwo gutera ibirindiro bya FPR agashaka inzira aciye Kicukiro na Gikondo agana mu mujyi i Kigali agakomeza agana kuri Stade i Nyamirambo. Yagombaga kujyana imitwe y’ingabo yose yari mu kigo cya Kanombe.

Icyo gikorwa cyari igikorwa gikomeye cyagombaga gutegurwa hagati ya Colonel BEM Nkuliyekubona n’abakuru b’imitwe y’ingabo yagombaga kugira uruhare muri icyo gikorwa. Bagategura ibikoresho bya ngombwa kugirango gishobore gushyirwa mu bikorwa. N’ubuyobozi bw’ingabo bwagombaga kwitegura kubakira ku rundi ruhande mu gace kari mu maboko ya Kigali y’Uburengerazuba.

Bagombaga guhagarara gato Kicukiro Centre muri ETO Kicukiro ahari hashinze ibirindiro 1er Bataillon Muvumba ya Major BEM Neretse yari ihanganye bikomeye n’ingabo za FPR zashakaga gufata ako gace ariko 1er Bataillon Muvumba yari yashoboye gukomeza kuzisubiza inyuma inshuro nyinshi ku buryo ibibuga by’umupira byo kuri ETO Kicukiro byari byuzuye imirambo y’abasirikare ba FPR.

Ariko igihe icyo gikorwa cyari gitangiye ntabwo byagenze neza byose kuko ingabo za FPR zashoboraga gukurikira ku buryo bworoshye izo ngabo zavaga I Kanombe ziciye mu Rubirizi na Kicukiro.

Ku itariki ya 21 Gicurasi ahagana mu mugoroba igihe igikorwa cyo gushaka inzira cyari kigiye gutangira ingabo za FPR zahise zigaba igitero simusiga, kuri izo ngabo zari kumwe n’abasivire benshi bari bavuye mu duce twa Kanombe, na Kigali yose y’Uburasirazuba na za Kibungo. Inzirabwoba zirangajwe imbere na Bataillon Police Militaire zashoboye gufungura inzira ya Gatenga na Gikondo benshi bashobora guhita, ariko kubera ukuntu imirwano yari ikomeye cyane ingabo za FPR zirimo gutera ziturutse mu mpande zose zohereza na za bombe nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa mortier/mortar 120mm bose ntabwo bashoboye guhita. Kubera uburyo imirwano yari ikomeye abantu bakwiriye imishwaro ndetse bamwe bagera no ku i Rebero. Muri icyo gitero cya Kicukiro Centre hafi ya ETO Kicukiro haguye abantu benshi abasiviri n’abasirikare babarirwa mu bihumbi.

(Photo:Ingabo za FPR zakoresheje ibisasu bya mortier 120mm ku Kicukiro Centre)

Colonel BEM Nkuliyekubona yari yasabye ubuyobozi bw’ingabo ko za 1er Bataillon Muvumba yari Kicukiro Centre, 3ème Bataillon Muvumba yari ivuye i Kanombe na Bataillon LAA yari i Gahanga ya Kicukiro (station terrienne) zaguma inyuma kugira ngo abandi basirikare b’imitwe y’ingabo yindi ishobore guhita n’ibikoresho byari bipakiye amakamyo. Siko byagenze kuko mu ijoro ryo ku ya 21 rishyira 22 Gicurasi 1994 abo basirikare bari Kicukiro bavuye mu birindiro byabo bagana muri Kigali y’uburengerazuba kubera imirwano yari ikomeye cyane mu gace ka Kicukiro Centre na Gatenga.

Ubuyobozi bwa OPS Kigali y’uburasirazuba n’imitwe y’ingabo y’abatekinisiye yari isigaye yonyine kuko imitwe y’ingabo yari ibarinze yari yabasize inyuma. Bashatse gutera ngo bashake inzira ariko biranga kuko ingabo za FPR zari zamaze gufunga inzira ya Gatenga ari nyinshi, kandi zirimo kubagabaho ibitero umusubizo byabaye ngombwa ko bareka inzira ya Gatenga bakarwana bazamuka umusozi wa Gahanga bakamanuka berekeza ku kiraro cya Kanzenze aho baraswagaho n’ingabo za FPR zari muri Kanzenze bagaca inyuma y’umusozi wa Rebero kugira ngo bahinguke muri Kigali y’uburengerazuba, ntabwo bari bonyine bari kumwe n’abaturage benshi cyane nabo bahungaga. Barabishoboye bahinguka i Butamwa na Nyamirambo.

Muri iyo ntambara yo kuva i Kanombe hagiye abantu benshi batagira ingano, abasivire n’abasirikare kuko ingabo za FPR zoherezaga za bombes ziremereye nta gutoranya mu kivunge cy’abantu.

Mu karere ka Bugesera hari ikigo cya Gisirikare cya Gako cyari kiyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel BEM Phéneas Munyarugarama, cyarimo Bataillon Gako yayoborwaga na Major BAM Augustin Balihenda.

Ahagana tariki ya 17/05/1994, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Balthazar Ndengeyinka yagizwe umuyobozi wa Akarere k’imirwano (OPS) Bugesera. Kugira ngo iyo OPS ibeho byaturutse kuri OPS Mutara ya Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard Nkundiye yasubiye inyuma igera muri OPS Kibungo yategekwaga na Colonel BEM Anselme Nkuliyekubona, OPS Kibungo nayo yaje gusubira inyuma igera mu Bugesera.

Ingabo za FPR zitera mu Bugesera zapfumuriye ahantu habiri:
Komini Gashora ziturutse muri Komini Sake ya Kibungo
Komini Kanzenze ziturutse muri komini Bicumbi ya Kigali-ngali.

Izo ngabo zari zageze mu gace ka Rilima mu birometero 7 (7 km) by’ikigo cya gisirikare cya Gako.

Tariki ya 19/05/1994: Mu mugoroba Lieutenant Colonel BEM Ndengeyinka amaze kuvugana na 3 muri 4 bategekaga za Bataillons zari zigize OPS Bugesera, Inzirabwoba zavuye mu kigo cya Gako cyarimo kuraswaho ibisasu bya Mortier/mortar 60 mm n’Inkotanyi, ubuyobozi bwa OPS Bugesera bwimuriwe ku RUHUHA muri komini NGENDA. Abasirikare bamwe na bamwe b’Inzirabwoba bari bataye ibirindiro cyabo ku buryo buri bataillon yari isigaranye nk’abasirikare 50 gusa. Inzirabwoba nta morali zari zifite.

Tariki ya 20 na 21/05/1994: Inkotanyi zatangiye kohereza amabombe kuri Ruhuha hari icyicaro cya OPS Bugesera, Inzirabwoba zasubiraga inyuma zitarwanye, kuko Inkotanyi zarasiraga kure zikoresheje za mortiers/mortars na mitrailleuses/machine guns, mu gihe Inzirabwoba nta mabombe n’amasasu y’imbunda nini zari zifite.

Byabaye ngombwa ko OPS Bugesera yimura ikicaro ijya hafi y’ibiro bya komini Muyira, hakurya y’Akanyaru muri Perefegitura ya Butare.

Ku kiraro cya Rwabusoro hari akaduruvayo, hari impunzi nyinshi zahungaga imirwano, zivanze n’amatungo, abasirikare… bose bashakaga kwambuka.

Hari hageze abasirikare bo muri Compagnie Génie bari bahamaze icyumweru biteguye guca ikiraro cya Rwabusoro bibaye ngombwa. Abo basirikare baciye icyo kiraro ku ya 21/05/1994, ariko byagenze nabi kuko hakurya y’umugezi hari hakiri Bataillon y’Inzirabwoba yari iyobowe na Major Paul Himbana. Abasirikare bagerageje kwambuka n’umugozi, bamwe bararohama.

Abasirikare bo muri Compagnie Génie bari bafite amato mato ahagwamo umwuka, bashobora kwambutsa abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba n’abaturage bari basigaye hakurya y’Akanyaru mu Bugesera.

Hagati ya tariki ya 22 na 23, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Edouard Gasarabwe yagizwe S3(ushinzwe imirwano) wa OPS Bugesera.
Mu ijoro ry’uwo munsi Inkotanyi zashoboye kwambuka Akanyaru zari zihanganye na Bataillon y’Inzirabwoba yari iyobowe na Major I.G Mudacumura. Bukeye Inzirabwoba zagerageje kwiyegeranya ngo zishobore kugaba igitero zisubize Inkotanyi hakurya y’Akanyaru mu Bugesera. Ariko ntabwo byashobotse kuko Inzirabwoba nta masasu zari zifite ahagije. Ibyo byatumye Inkotanyi zishobora kwegera imbere mu karere ka Mayaga. Abenshi mu basirikare bari bavuye mu Bugesera banze kurwana ndetse benshi baratoroka barigendera.

Kuri uwo munsi Général de Brigade I.G Gratien Kabiligi, G3 (ushinzwe imirwano) muri Etat-Major y’Inzirabwoba yageze ahari icyicaro cya OPS Bugesera hafi y’ibiro bya Komini Muyira.

Ku munsi ukurikiyeho Bataillon Para-Commando iyobowe na Major CGSC Aloys Ntabakuze yasesekaye muri Muyira ivuye i Kigali nyuma yo kuva i Remera, Kanombe iciye Kicukiro na Kabusunzu.

Ariko Inkotanyi zari zimaze kwegera imbere igice kimwe kimaze gufunga umuhanda Muyira-Nyanza, ikindi gice cyaciye ku rundi ruhande cyari kigeze nko muri Metero 500 z’uwo muhanda. Ni ukuvuga ko Inzirabwoba zari zigiye kugotwa ku mpande zombi.
Lieutenant Colonel BEM Balthazar Ndengeyinka yahise yimurira icyicaro cya OPS Bugesera i Nyanza, asiga Bataillon Para-Commando inyuma yonyine. Mu mirwano y’uwo munsi Jeep radio ya Bataillon Para-Commando yaratwitswe, kubera ko yarimo amabanga menshi ya gisirikare, byatumye Inzirabwoba zihindura uburyo bwo gutumanaho (SOI).

I Nyanza, hari himuriwe Ishuli Rikuru rya Gisirikare (ESM) byabaye ngombwa ko umukuru waryo Général de Brigade Léonidas Rusatira ahita aryimurira ku Kigeme ku Gikongoro.

Bamwe mu basirikare bakuru b’Inzirabwoba batangiye kuganira bibaza amaherezo y’iyo ntambara kubera ko inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe amahoro kw’isi (Conseil de sécurité) yari imaze gutora umwanzuro 918 wo ku ya 17 Gicurasi 1994 wabuzaga kugurisha intwaro ku Rwanda (Embargo) ariko kuri FPR siko byari bimeze yakomezaga kubona intwaro zivuye muri Uganda, hakoreshejwe umuhanda Kigali-Gatuna na Kigali Kagitumba. Abenshi muri abo basirikare batangiye gutekereza ko basubira inyuma bakava mu gihugu bityo bigaha agahenge abaturage bari bakomeje kumererwa nabi kubera intambara.

Nyuma y’ifatwa rya Muyira n’Inkotanyi, Inzirabwoba zagerageje kwiga uburyo zakwirwanaho i Nyanza. Ariko ntabwo byari byoroshye kubera kubura amasasu. Inkotanyi nazo zari zamaze kumenya ko Inzirabwoba zifite ikibazo cy’amasasu zikegera imbere gusa zitarasa

Inkotanyi zakomeje kwegera imbere zifunga umuhanda wa kaburimbo Nyanza-Ruhango mu majyaruguru ya Nyanza n’umuhanda wa kaburimbo Nyanza-Butare mu majyepfo.

Kurwana ku Nzirabwoba byari bigoye kubera kubura amasasu zakoreshaga amayeri yo gukerereza Inkotanyi mu gusubira inyuma. Ibyo byari ukugira ngo Leta y’U Rwanda yari iyobowe na Ministre w’Intebe Jean Kambanda ishobore kureba uburyo amasasu yaboneka cyangwa hakabaho imishyikirano yo guhagarika imirwano.

Inzirabwoba zatakaje umujyi wa Nyanza tariki 28/05/1994. OPS Bugesera yimuriye icyicaro cyayo i Murama ihita inakurwaho hajyaho OPS Nyanza ihabwa kuyiyobora Lieutenant Colonel BEM Edouard Gasarabwe.

Tariki ya 2/06/1994, ubuyobozi bw’ingabo bwafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika abasirikare batitwaye neza ku rugamba. Muri bo harimo: Colonel BEM Baltazar Ndengeyinka, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Phéneas Munyarugarama, Lieutenant Colonel BEM Léonard Nkundiye, Major BEM Emmanuel Habyalimana.

Opération Champagne

Nk’uko tubikesha Major Ir Faustin Ntilikina wayoboraga Bataillon Commando Huye mu 1994, mu gitabo cye yise:”La prise de Kigali et la chasse aux réfugiés par l’armée du Général Paul Kagame” yasobanuye uko yayoboye igikorwa cyafunguye inzira yatumye abari mu mujyi wa Kigali bashobora gusohoka mu ijoro ryo ku ya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994.

”Ku ya 1 Nyakanga 1994, mu gihe imirwano yakomezaga ahagana i Nyamirambo, FPR yateye agace k’amajyepfo k’umusozi wa Mont Kigali. Icyo gitero cyasakiranye bwa mbere n’abasirikare ba Bataillon Commando Huye bagera kuri 20 bari barakomerekeye ku rugamba bari bari muri iryo shyamba bategereje gutora agatege ngo basubire ku rugamba.(Inzego z’ubuvuzi za gisirikare zari zimaze kurengerwa n’inkomere nyinshi, kandi imirwano yaberaga ku nzira yonyine yari isigaye isohoka muri Kigali yacaga i Runda na Taba, yatumaga bigorana kujyana inkomere mu Ruhengeri na Gisenyi. Amabataillons yarwaniraga mu mujyi wa Kigali yari yaragiye atunganya ahantu ashobora kwegeranyiriza abarwayi bitewe n’uko urugamba rumeze).

Kurasana hagati y’abarwaza b’izo nkomere n’abasirikare ba FPR byatumye bimenyekana ko aho hantu hatewe. Nta bushobozi nari mfite bwo guhangana n’icyo gitero ku buryo buhagije no gusubiza inyuma umwanzi. Umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano, we yashoboye kubona abarikiri bagera kuri 50 abaha umwe mu bofisiye be, uwo niwe wahawe inshingano nini zo kurwana kuri ibyo birindiro bya nyuma byatumaga inzira ya 2 yo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali ikomeza kuba ifunguye. (Kuva mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994 hagati, nyuma y’ifatwa rya Gatsata n’impinga z’umusozi wa Jali, ingabo za FPR zarasaga ku bahise bose ku muhanda hagati y’amahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo na Giticyinyoni. Kuva icyo gihe, kwinjira cyangwa gusohoka muri Kigali hakoreshwaga cyane umuhanda wa Nyamirambo-ikiraro cya Nyaruteja kiri ku mugezi wa Nyabarongo uciye kuri Mont Kigali. Uwo muhanda kandi niwo washoboraga gukoreshwa mu gihe Nyabugogo na Giticyinyoni byafatwa.) Hakurya ya Nyabarongo muri Gitarama, guhera mu minsi mike imirwano yari imaze kwegera impinga za Runda na Gihara. Inzirabwoba zarwanaga inkundura ngo umuhanda Runda-Gihara ukomeze kuba ufunguye kuko niyo nzira yonyine yahuzaga Kigali no hanze yayo. Uwo munsi tariki ya 1 Nyakanga 1994, FPR yari yashoboye gushinga ibirindiro ku mpinga za Gihara no kohereza bamwe mu basirikare bayo ahagana kuri Nyabarongo, hakurya yo kwa Muvoma no mu Nzove. Ni ukuvuga ko umugezi wa Nyabarongo wonyine n’igishanga cyawo ari byo byonyine byatandukanyaga ingabo za FPR zari muri Gitarama n’izari muri Kigali. Ni ukuvuga ko umujyi wa Kigali wari umaze kugotwa. Bishatse kuvuga ko Inzirabwoba kugirango zisohoke muri Kigali zagombaga kubikora zirwana. Etat-major y’Inzirabwoba yateguye igikorwa cyo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali. Icyo gikorwa cyagombaga gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu ijoro ry’iya 4 rishyira iya 5 Nyakanga 1994 cyahawe izina rya OPERATION CHAMPAGNE. Abayobozi bakuru b’ingabo b’ingenzi bahawe amabwiriza n’uburyo icyo gikorwa cyagombaga kugenda kuva tariki ya 2 Nyakanga 1994. Icyo gikorwa cyateganyaga gupfumurira ahantu habiri. Aha mbere h’ibanze hari guca ku kiraro cya Nyaruteja ugana Runda-Gihara na Taba. Aha kabiri hari uguca ku kiraro cya Nyabugogo ukerekeza i Rushashi uciye mu Nzove. Kuri buri nzira hagenewe imitwe y’ingabo yagombaga gupfumura mu birindiro by’Inkotanyi igafungura inzira n’indi mitwe igomba gusigara inyuma ngo ikingire abaturage bashobore guhunga. Icyo gikorwa kandi cyateganyaga ko ingabo ziri muri icyo gikorwa zisuganya zimaze guca mu birindiro bya FPR zigashinga ibirindiro zikurikije ibirindiro by’izindi Nzirabwoba zari muri Gitarama mu burengerazuba bwa Nyabarongo no mu gace k’imirwano ka Rulindo mu burasirazuba bwa Nyabarongo. Kuva aho ngaho hagombaga ibikorwa byo gutinza umwanzi kugira ngo abaturage bashobora guhunga bitonze. Kandi ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba bwibwiraga ko nyuma y’ifatwa ry’umujyi wa Kigali, FPR ishobora kugabanya amashagaga ikemera kujya mu mishyikirano y’amahoro. Kuba hashobora kubaho abahuza bashoboraga gusaba ihagarikwa ry’imirwano kubera ikibazo cy’abaturage benshi bari bamerewe nabi nabyo byatekerejweho.

Mu ijoro ryo ku ya 2 rishyira iya 3 Nyakanga 1994, ingabo za FPR zongereye umurego mu kohereza ibisasu ku mujyi wa Kigali. Ingabo za FPR zitangira kugaba ibitero simusiga mu duce twose tw’umujyi wa Kigali kuva mu rukerera rw’iya 3 Nyakanga 1994. Kuri Mont Kigali ho imirwano yarimo kubera ku muhanda uva i Nyamirambo ugana ku kiraro cya Nyaruteja. Ku rundi ruhande rwa Nyabarongo, ingabo za FPR kuva nyuma ya saa sita tariki ya 2 Nyakanga 1994 zakoreshaga uko zishoboye kose ngo zifate Runda ahahuriraga umuhanda ujya i Gitarama n’undi ugana i Gihara na Taba uvuye ku Rugarika. Inzirabwoba zakomeje kwihagararaho kuri iyo nzira ndetse hari n’ibihumbi byinshi by’abaturage bari babuze aho bahungira. Ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1994 bujya kwira, nari ndi kw’isoko rya Ruyenzi, riri ku muhanda ugana i Gitarama urenze ikiraro cya Nyaruteja kiri ku mugezi wa Nyabarongo, ndi mu gikorwa cyo gutata mu rwego rwa Opération Champagne. (Mu gikorwa cyo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali, Bataillon Commando Huye nari nyoboye yari mu mitwe y’ingabo yagombaga guca muri iyo nzira y’iburengerazuba mu gufungura inzira.) Mu gihe nagendaga n’amaguru mu nzira ica ku ruhande rw’iburyo rwa Nyabarongo, ibisasu 3 bya mortier 120mm byikubise mu gasantere ka Ruyenzi ahari hirunze ibihumbi by’impunzi. Muri icyo gihe ahagana haruguru ku muhanda wa kaburimbo, urusaku rw’imbunda za mitrailleuses rutangira kwiyongera. Muri ako kanya mbona ibihumbi by’abantu bafite ubwoba bamanuka biruka bava i Runda bagana i Kigali. Muri bo harimo abasirikare (abenshi muri abo basirikare bari abakomeretse ku buryo budakomeye, inkomere, n’abarwaza babo bari biyegeranije kuri uwo musozi wa Runda. Mu kwezi kwa Gaicurasi 1994 hagati Etat-major yari yarahafunguye ahantu hari ku muhanda munini usohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali ho kubika ibikoresho no kuvurira abarwayi kugirango babarinde ibisasu byoherezwaga buri munsi ku mujyi wa Kigali n’ingabo za FPR. Niba abo bose bari batangiye guhunga n’uko abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari mu birindiro byaho bari babivuyemo cyangwa bari hafi yo kubivamo.) Byagaragaraga ko ibirindiro bya Runda na Gihara byari bigiye gufatwa. Kuri abo bose berekezaga i Kigali kwambuka ikiraro cya Nyabarongo ntabwo byari ibintu byoroshye. Kuri hafi ikirometero cyose cy’ikizenga cyari gikikijwe n’igishanga ku mpande, abahungaga baraswagaho imvura y’ibisasu bya mortiers na za Mitrailleuses byarekezaga kuri iyo nzira abantu bose bagombaga gucaho. Njyewe n’abasirikare twari kumwe twategereje ko izuba rirenga n’agahenge kugira ngo twambuke tujye ku rundi ruhande rwa Nyabarongo. Ntabwo nashoboye gutata ariko numvaga ko gutakaza Runda byatumaga gukoresha iyo nzira mu kuva mu mujyi wa Kigali bishobora kuzagorana. (iyo nzira ugereranije n’iyo mu Nzove yari nziza kuko yasaga n’ifunguye urenze igishanga cya Nyabarongo kandi hari umuhanda mwiza ugana i Gihara ariko byari bigoye kuko Inzirabwoba nta bushobozi zari zifite bwo gufata agace katuma zambuka ikiraro cya Nyabarongo mu gihe FPR yari yahafashe ndetse ifite n’impinga za Runda.) Nafashe igihe cyo kwibutsa amabwiriza bamwe mu bakuru b’abasirikare ba bataillon Commando Huye nategekaga bari ku kiraro cya Nyaruteja kuri Nyabarongo mbere yo kujya ku Giticyinyoni aho nashoboraga kuvugana kuri Radiyo n’ubuyobozi bw’akarere k’imirwano. Ku Giticyinyoni, nasanze amahuriro y’imihanda yuzuye ibihumbi by’abantu byari byaturutse i Runda no mu nkengero za Mont Kigali nyuma ya saa sita. Bari bahasanze abandi benshi bari bahamaze iminsi barahunze ibisasu FPR yoherezaga ku mujyi wa Kigali bashakaga kuguma hafi y’inzira yabasohora mu mujyi wa Kigali. Ikintu cya mbere nabwiwe nkitangira kuvugana kuri Radiyo n’ubuyobozi bw’akarere k’imirwano n’uko nyuma yo kumenya ko inzira ica i Runda na Gihara idashobora gukoreshwa, ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo bwafashe icyemezo cyo kwegeza imbere Opération Champagne umunsi umwe. Gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali byagombaga gukorwa muri iryo joro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Nyakanga 1994. Kandi icyo gikorwa cyagombaga gutangira vuba bishoboka. Inzira yari isigaye yari inzira ifunganye cyane ica mu Nzove. Aho nari ndi nahise mbona ko gusohoka mu mujyi bishobora kugorana kuko amabwiriza aza kugera ku basirikare atunguranye kandi n’abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni barenzwe n’ubwoba twagombaga kujyana nabo. Nta bundi buryo bwo kumenyesha abaturage basanzwe ko tugiye gusohoka mu mujyi uretse kwizera ko abantu baribubibwirane hagati yabo rimwe na rimwe batinze ngo bashobore gukurikira abandi. Kuri njye ikihutirwaga n’ukubonana n’umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano ngo ampe amabwiriza y’uko igikorwa kiribugende no kugira ngo nanjye nze guha amabwiriza abakuru ba za Compagnies banjye. Ariko ikihutirwaga muri ako kanya cyari ukujya mu Nzove na Kanyinya ahari amacompagnies ya za 31ème Bataillon na 52ème Bataillon. Kubona amakuru ku mwanzi uko ahagaze byari kugira akamaro ku basirikare baza kubanza imbere. (Compagnie ya 31ème Bataillon yari ku musozi wa Kanyinya kuva muri Kamena 1994 hagati. Muri uwo mugoroba w’iya 3 Nyakanga 1994 yari ishinze ibirindiro ku mpinga ya nyuma y’uwo musozi hejuru ya Giticyinyoni. Naho Compagnie ya 52ème Bataillon yo yari mu Nzove ahari umuhanda wa kera ujya i Shyorongi. Abagombaga gusohoka muri Kigali bose bagombaga guca aho hantu.) Byari nko mu ma saa mbiri n’igice z’ijoro ubwo navaga ku Giticyinyoni nerekeza i Kigali. Umukuru wa akarere k’imirwano yari antegereje mu biro bya Etat-major y’ingabo aho yari yahamagawe mu rwego rwo gutegura bwa nyuma igikorwa cyari kigiye gutangira. Mu nzira nahuye n’abantu benshi ndetse n’imodoka nyinshi bose bihuta bagana iya Giticyinyoni wagira ngo hari gahunda bafite badashaka gukererwa. Byari bigoye kugenda muri urwo ruvunga nzoka rw’abantu ugana mu cyerekezo kigana mu mujyi i Kigali. Ukurikije ubwinshi bw’abantu byagaragaraga ko amahuriro y’imihanda ya Giticyinyoni agiye kuzura ku buryo bishobora kubanganira ingabo zigomba kugaba igitero cyo gufungura inzira. Muri Etat-major y’ingabo, nari mfite akanya gato ko kumva amabwiriza y’umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano. Bataillon Commando Huye yari yashyizwe mu mitwe y’ingabo igomba kugaba igitero cyo gufungura inzira. Nyuma y’icyo gikorwa twagombaga kwiyegeranyiriza ku murongo uri hagati ya Nyakabingo na Muhondo. Ku bindeba nanjye nagombaga kumubwira uruvunga nzoka rw’abaturage nabonye n’uko umwanzi yifashe mu nzira turibucemo. Ayo makuru atangiwe igihe yashoboraga gutuma abakuru b’ingabo bagira ibyo batunganya ku gikorwa cyari kigiye gutangira. Nyuma yo kureba ibyo byose, nasohokanye akababaro kenshi mu cyicaro cya Etat-major yacu. Nahise nsubira ku Giticyinyoni kuko abakuru ba za Compagnies banjye bari i Nyamirambo bari bangiriye inama yo kudashaka guhura nabo kubera ko uko ibintu byari bimeze i Nyamirambo byarimo urujijo rwinshi kuva bwakwira. Nageze Nyabugogo nko mu ma saa tanu z’ijoro. Kubera ubwinshi bw’abantu kugenda mu modoka byari bigoye byabaye ngombwa ko mva mu modoka. Bamwe mu b’officiers bari bahageze mbere bageragezaga gusaba abantu kwihuta bakava mu nzira. Bashoboraga kugenda kugeza he? Bashobora kwegera imbere igihe kingana iki? Ikivunge cy’abantu cyagendaga cyiyongera uko negeraga amahuriro y’imihanda ya Giticyinyoni. Nyuma y’ikiraro cya Nyabugogo, umuhanda wa kera wa Shyorongi abantu bagendaga baba bakeya. Mu mwijima nashoboye kubona abantu bambaye imyenda ya gisirikare. (Abenshi muri abo bari abasirikare bari bavuye mu birindiro bya Runda na Gihara nyuma ya saa sita batari bakabonye amabwiriza bari bategereje kureba uko ibintu bigenda.) Bagendagendaga aho hose ntabwo batinyutse kwegera aho urutoki rwari hafi y’aho rwatangiriraga ahari hashinze ibirindiro bagenzi babo bo muri Compagnie ya 52ème Bataillon. Nta musirikare mukuru nabonaga hafi aho. Nakomeje kwegera imbere, akadwi k’abasirikare bose nageragaho narabibwiraga nkabasaba kunkurikira nizeraga ko hagira umusirikare mukuru duhura cyangwa abo basirikare bose bakemera kunkurikira, byaranyoroheye bose bahitaga bankurikira ubwo urugendo ruba ruratangiye byari bigoye kuruhagarika. Ikintu cyonyine nari mfite mu mutwe cyari ugutangira igitero vuba na vuba kugira ngo abantu bashire mu mahuriro y’imihanda ya Giricyinyoni no gucishaho abantu benshi bashoboka mbere y’uko bucya. Nirindaga gutekereza uko ibintu byagenda mu rukerera igihe imbunda zose ziremereye z’ingabo za FPR zaba zirasa amahuriro y’imihanda ya Giticyinyoni kuri icyo kivunge cy’abantu nta hantu ho kwihisha nta na kirengera.

Byari nko mu ma saa sita z’ijoro ubwo negeraga ibirindiro bya Compagnie ya 52ème Bataillon. Umukuru wayo yari antegerereje aho twari twavuganye mu masaha ane yari ashize. Yari yambwiye ko ntacyahindutse ku buryo umwanzi ahagaze byerekanaga ko atakekaga ibigiye gukurikiraho. Imbere yacu FPR yari ifite ibirindiro byarimo abasirikare wagereranya na Compagnie imwe (barenga ijana gato) imbunda zabo nini zari zitunze ku muhanda twagombaga gukoresha. Iruhande rwaho haragenzurwaga ku manywa ariko nijoro habaga hari abasirikare. Ibindi birindiro by’ingabo za FPR zijya kungana na Compagnie nagereranya ko zari nko muri 6 Km ku kiraro cya Nyakabingo kuko bagenzi bacu ba akarere k’imirwano ka Rulindo bari bashinze ibirindiro ku kigo nderabuzima cya Rutonde muri 1 km uvuye ku kiraro cya Nyakabingo. FPR kandi yari ifite abandi basirikare benshi ku musozi wa Kanyinya hatari kure y’aho twagombaga guca. Bashoboraga kugira icyo zikora nko mu rukerera. FPR yashoboraga kongera ingabo muri ako gace bumaze gucya. Ku ruhande rwanjye nari mfite abasirikare bagera ku 100 batari bafite intwaro zikomeye batari bafite ababayoboye ariko bafite ubushake bwo gutsinda urwo rugamba. Inyuma yacu abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni barasunikaga. Gutungurana n’ubwinshi nizeraga ko biza kumfasha byibura mu ntangiriro. Nongeye kureba iruhande rwanjye nta mukuru wundi wa bataillon wari wakahagera. (abenshi mu bakuru ba za Bataillon batunguwe no kwegeza imbere igikorwa cyo gusohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali, kuko nta gitutu cyari kibariho nk’ab’i Runda no kuri Mont Kigali, bamwe muri bo bafashe umwanya wo kwitegura no gutanga amabwiriza. Nyuma baza kubangamirwa n’uruvunganzoka rw’abantu ntabwo bashoboye kugera ku basirikare babo ku gihe.) Icyari gisigaye cyari ukuvugana n’abandi nkababwira uko mbona ibintu bishobora kuza kugenda nyuma tukarenga umutaru.

Byari nka saa saba z’ijoro, byose byari byarangije gutegurwa. Umwe mu basirikare banjye, wari ufite igihunga yarekuye urufaya rw’amasasu. Imbunda yo mu bwoko bwa Kalachnikov iba iramusubije nyuma yo kwikirizwa n’indi yo mu bwoko bwa Mitrailleuse zose za FPR. Ibyo byari bihagije ngo bitume dutangira igikorwa cyacu. Nko mu myitozo abasirikare banjye bavugirije rimwe induru bati:A L’ASSAUT ariko begera imbere barasa urufaya. Aba FPR basubiza bakoresheje Mitrailleuse ndetse bohereza n’ibisasu 3 bya mortier 60mm birenga umuhanda bigwa inyuma mu rutoki. Nyuma numvise amasasu make ku mpande zombi haza umutuzo. Nyuma y’iminota 10 tumaze kugaba igitero nari ngeze munsi y’ibirindiro by’umwanzi aho atashoboraga kuturasaho. Indi mirwano yabereye imbere yo kwa Muvoma aho twaraswagaho n’ingabo za FPR zari zifite ibirindiro bikurikira. Ingufu z’umuriro woherezwaga n’abasirikare bajye zacecekesheje Kalachnikov z’umwanzi. Twahise dutakaza abasirikare 3 b’imbere bishwe n’umutego wa grenade wabaturikanye igihe bashakaga kwihisha iruhande rw’umuhanda igihe twarasanaga. Inzira isigaye twayikoze mu mutuzo usesuye. Ariko ntabwo nari gushyira umutima hamwe ntarambuka ikiraro cya Nyakabingo twafashe tutarwanye. Abasirikare ba FPR ntabwo bagaragaraga bari bashoboye gushyira igisigazwa cy’imodoka mu muhanda hagati, twahise tugisunikira mu mugezi. Abasirikare banjye b’imbere bari barangije guhura na bagenzi babo bo mu karere k’imirwano ka Rulindo. Icyari gisigaye byari ugushinga ibirindiro kuri icyo kiraro inzira ikaba irafunguwe. Nagumye mu birindiro byo kuri icyo kiraro ntegereje umushoferi wanjye n’abakuru ba za Compagnies banjye ntari nahaye amabwiriza y’ibiza gukurikiraho. Ikivunge by’abantu cyakomeje kwisuka ubudatuza ijoro ryose. Mu rukerera urusaku rw’imbunda ziremereye ruvugira kure rwatangiye kumvikana, urusaku rw’ibisasu biturika rutangira kumvikana mu ijuru rya Kigali. Urundi rusaku rw’amasasu na za mitrailleuses rudafite ubukana bwinshi rwumvikanye hafi yacu. Ingabo za FPR zari zitangiye kugaba ibitero ngo zikurikire cyangwa zitangire abahunga. Nagumye hafi y’ikiraro cya Nyakabingo kugeza saa tatu z’amanywa igihe imodoka za mbere zazaga. Muri icyo gihe imirwano yari yakwiriye hose mu nzira isohoka mu mujyi wa Kigali. Umunsi wose wo ku ya 4 Nyakanga 1994, abaturage ba Kigali bikoreye utwangushye bafite ubwoba babyiganaga muri iyo nzira itari irengeje metero 6 z’ubugari. Bose berekezaga i Muhondo na Rushashi muri Kigali Ngali. Umunsi wose imbunda ziremereye za FPR zohereje imvura y’ibisasu kuri abo bantu mu rwego rwo kwica benshi bashoboka. Ingabo za FPR ziturutse mu mpinga za Kanyinya na Shyorongi zagabye ibitero byinshi zinatega imitego myinshi ku basohokaga mu mujyi wa Kigali. Banze kugwa mu maboko y’umwanzi bava mu nzira yari yuzuyemo imitego ya mines, na za grenades, yari yuzuye amamodoka ndetse irimo no gusukwaho urufaya rw’amasasu n’abasirikare ba FPR. Bagendera ku ruhande rw’ibumoso rw’umuhanda kugeza no mu kibaya cya Nyabarongo baca mu mazi, urufunzo, no mu bisheke. Bakomeza kwegera imbere. Ku ruhande rw’iburyo rw’umuhanda, Inzirabwoba zishyizemo akanyabugabo zagabye ibitero zifata impinga z’imisozi aho zashoboraga kurinda umuhanda ibitero by’ingabo za FPR. Abaturage ba Kigali basohokaga muri ako kangaratete iyo bageraga ku mugezi wa Nyakabingo, nyuma y’ibirometero byinshi by’ubwoba no gukoresha ingufu nyinshi. Abenshi ntabwo bari bazi ko ari bwo urugendo rurerure rwari rutangiye. Uwo munsi urangira twese twari tunaniwe twaguye agacuho. Buri wese yumvaga ko twatsinzwe intambara kubera ifatwa ry’umurwa mukuru. Ariko muri twe ubwacu twumvaga turuhutse. Nibazaga ku giti cyanjye ibyo FPR yari kudukorera iyo dushyira intwaro hasi tukishyira mu maboko yayo. (Etat-major y’ingabo yatekerezaga ko iyo dushyira intwaro hasi i Kigali, FPR yari kwica abasirikare benshi bashoboka mbere y’uko hagira abanyamakuru bahagera. Ndetse nta musirikare mukuru wari kurokoka. Abaturage bo ntawakwirirwa avuga hari kurokoka mbarwa. Ntawashidikanya kuri ibyo kuko FPR yagaragaje imikorere yayo ubwo yicaga inkomere z’abasirikare yasangaga mu bitaro, ndetse n’abasirikare batahutse ku bushake bwabo benshi b’Inzirabwoba barishwe. Abasigaye mu mujyi wa Kigali nabo FPR ntabwo yabarebeye izuba kuko ubwicanyi ntabwo bwigeze buhagarara kuva muri Nyakanga kugeza mu Kuboza 1994.” Byahinduwe mu kinyarwanda n’ubwanditsi.

Ibyo benshi batamenye ku rugamba rwo mu Kwakira 1990

02/10/2013 23:04 Amateka

Nk’uko benshi babizi ingabo za FPR zari igice cy’ingabo za Uganda NRA zateye u Rwanda ziturutse i Kagitumba tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990.

Biragoye kumenya neza umubare w’abateye kuko buri ruhande mu barwanaga rwatangaga imibare rwishakiye bitewe na propaganda, ku ruhande rwa FPR bemezaga ko batarengaga 3000 naho ku ruhande rwa FAR (Les Forces Armées Rwandaises) bemezaga ko abateye bagera ku 10000, ni ukuvuga ingabo zari ku rugamba, izafashaga mu rwego rw’ibikoresho n’abari hafi y’umupaka muri Uganda biteguye kwinjira mu mirwano igihe cyose.

Mu rwego rw’ibikoresho, ingabo za FPR zari zifite ibyo zakuye mu ngabo za Uganda ndetse n’abasirikare bari bamenyereye urugamba dore ko benshi bari baje baturutse ku rugamba mu majyaruguru ya Uganda, tutibagiwe intambara yo gushyira Museveni ku butegetsi. Hari na benshi bari bararwanye intambara yo gukuraho Idi Amin ndetse hari n’abarwanye muri Mozambique.

Gen Major BEM Déogratias Nsabimana alias Castar

Ingabo z’u Rwanda icyo gihe zari zifite abasirikare bagera ku 5000, ni ukuvuga ko kongeraho abajandarume n’abareservistes (abari baravuye ku rugerero) ntabwo zarengaga 8000.

Dore imwe mu mitwe y’ingabo (Armée Rwandaise) y’icyo gihe:

Umugaba mukuru w’ingabo: Gen Major Juvénal Habyalimana

Umugaba mukuru w’ingabo wungirije: Colonel Laurent Serubuga

Ushinzwe abakozi: Lt Col BEM Munyarugarama

Ushinzwe imirwano: (G3)Major BEM Ephrem Rwabarinda

Ushinzwe iperereza: (G2)Lt Col BEMS Anatole Nsengiyumva

Ushinzwe ibikoresho: (G4)Major Ngirumpatse Pascal

-Bataillon de Reconnaissance (Camp Kigali): Major BEMS Ildephonse Rwendeye

-Bataillon Para-Commando (Camp Col Mayuya): Commandant CGSC Aloys Ntabakuze

-Bataillon Artillerie de Campagne (Camp Col Mayuya): Major BEMS Aloys Mutabera

-Bataillon LAA (Camp Col Mayuya): Colonel BEMS Théoneste Bagosora

-Cie Genie: Commandant Munyampotore

-Bataillon Commando Huye (Camp Kibungo): Major Alphonse Nteziryayo

-Bataillon Commando Ruhengeri (Camp Mukamira): Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu

-Bataillon Garde Présidentielle (Camp Kimihurura): Major BEM Léonard Nkundiye

-CE Cdo Bigogwe: Commandant David Tulikunkiko

-Cie PM (Camp Kami): Commandant BEM Emmanuel Neretsabagabo

-Cie Gitarama: Major Ntirurashira

-Cie Butare (Camp Ngoma): Major Singirankabo

-ESO (BUTARE): Colonel BEM Gatsinzi

-ESM: Colonel Buregeya

-Cie Cyangugu: Major Murasampongo

-Cie Kibuye: Capitaine Bahizi Innocent

-Cie Gisenyi: Major BEM Bahufite

-Cie Mutara (Camp Gabiro): Major CGSC Hakizimana

-Cie Byumba : Major Pierre Ngirabanyiginya

-Cie Musique (Camp Kigali): Commandant Rwabukwisi

-Cie QG (Camp KIgali): Lt Colonel Rwanyagasore

-Cie Medicale (Camp Col Mayuya): Major Dr Baransaritse

-Escadrille Aviation (Kanombe): Colonel Pilote Ntahobali

-Base AR (Camp Col Mayuya): Colonel BEMS Muberuka

-Cie Batîments Militaires: Commandant Ntibihora

Kongeraho abasirikare b’abarikiri bageraga kuri Bataillons 2 bari muri CI Bugesera yategekwaga na Colonel BEM Nsabimana.

Imirwano yagenze gute?

Tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990 ingabo za FPR zateye ibiro bya gasutamo i Kagitumba zirahafata bitaziruhije. Abasirikare ba FAR bari bahari ntacyo bashoboye gukora ndetse uwari ubayoboye Adjudant Gasore ari mu bahaguye bwa mbere kuko yaje gusanganira Inkotanyi agira ngo ni abasirikare na Uganda baje kubasuhuza. Ariko umusirikare wakoraga mu itumanaho yashoboye gutabaza, ubutumwa butabaza bwumviswe n’abari bashinzwe itumanaho muri Cie Cyangugu aba aribo babimenyesha ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo. (Perezida Habyalimana yari i New York mu nama muri ONU, naho Col Serubuga wari umwungirije yari mu mahanga mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi bya Société RWANDAFOAM yari afatanije na Bertin Makuza)

Nyakwigendera Lt Col BEMS Ildephonse Rwendeye

Ku gicamunsi cyo ku ya 1 Ukwakira 1990, ubuyobozi bw’ingabo bwohereje Lt Col Rwanyagasore ayoboye uruvange rw’abasirikare bavuye mu mitwe y’ingabo itandukanye bahabwa ubutumwa bwo kujya gushinga ibirindiro i Gabiro.

Urugamba rwa mbere rwabereye i Matimba tariki ya 2 Ukwakira 1990, aho Compagnie Mutara ya Major CGSC Hakizimana, ifatanije na Escadron imwe ya Bn Recce na Peloton ya Mortier 120mm ya Bn AC yari iyobowe na Lt Isaac Bugingo batashoboye guhagarika ingabo za FPR. Ndetse bamwe bakwirwa imishwaro. Kuri uyu munsi nibwo bivugwa ko Gen Major Fred Gisa Rwigema wari uyoboye FPR yapfuye ariko bigirwa ibanga.

Kuri uwo munsi Inkotanyi zahise zitera abasirikare bake ba Cie Mutara barindaga umupaka i Rwempasha na Nyagatare hose zirahafata bitaziruhije, abasirikare ba FAR bahise basubira inyuma bagana i Gabiro.

Inkotanyi zahise zigabamo amashami 2, rimwe ryerekeza i Gabiro irindi ryerekeza i Nyagatare na Ngarama, ndetse zikomeza zigana Muvumba na Rukomo.

Mu ijoro ry’iya 3 rishyira iya 4 Ukwakira 1990 habaye kurasana mu buryo bwo kwibeshya i Rwamagana aho bivugwa ko habaye kurasana hagati y’abasirikare ba FAR berekezaga mu Mutara barimo abari bavuye muri ESO i Butare.

Ku ya 4 Ukwakira 1990, ubutumwa buvuye muri Ambasade ya Amerika i Kigali bwashyikirijwe Colonel Rusatira wakoraga muri Minisiteri y’ingabo. Ubwo butumwa bwavugaga ko umujyi wa Kigali uterwa mu ijoro ry’iya 4 rishyira iya 5 Ukwakira 1990. Byabaye ngombwa ko Abasirikare hafi ya bose bari mu Mutara baza gutabara Kigali.

Muri iryo joro havuze amasasu menshi, bamwe babyita ikinamico ngo cyo kugira ngo babone uko bafata ibyitso, ariko abandi bo bavuga ko koko ingabo nke za FPR zari zaracengeye mu mujyi wa Kigali zarashe zigamije gutuma abasikare bari mu bigo bya gisirikare barangara ngo ingabo za FPR zari mu Mutara zize zinjire mu mujyi n’amamodoka ariko ngo ntabwo byashobotse kuko inyinshi mu modoka z’ingabo za FPR zari kwifashisha zari zarasiwe mu Mutara na Kajugujugu za Escadrille Aviation ya FAR ku ya 3 Ukwakira 1990.

Mu mujyi wa Kigali n’ahandi habaye ikosa rikomeye rya politiki ryo gufata abantu biswe ibyitso bya FPR. Ibyo bikorwa byagize ingaruka nini ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Habyalimana ndetse no ku banyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu muri rusange kugeza ubu. Ibi bikorwa byatumye isura ya leta yangirika mu mahanga biha na FPR ibyo irega Leta yariho, abafashwe benshi bahise bahinduka abayoboke ba FPR bakomeye n’ubwo mbere hari benshi batari banayizi, abazi gukabya bo bavuga ko ngo ari Genocide yakorwaga

Kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo: Col GD Rwagafirita, Col Elie Sagatwa, Lt Col BEMS Nsengiyumva, Gen Habyalimana, Col Serubuga, Gen BEM Nsabimana, Col Rusatira, Lt Col BEM Rwabalinda…

Ingabo za FPR rero zasanze ikigo cya Gabiro kirimo ubusa zihashinga ibirindiro ku buryo igitero cya FAR zifatanije n’ingabo za Zaïre zari zaje gufasha byazigoye gusubirana icyo kigo mu gitero zagabye kuya 7 n’iya 8 Ukwakira 1990.

Inkotanyi zaciye mu gace ka Nyagatare zakomeje zerekeza iya Mimuri na Ngarama ariko zishobora guhagarikirwa i Ngarama n’ingabo zari ziyobowe na Colonel BEM Nsabimana, izo ngabo zarimo Bn Para Cdo ya Cdt CGSC Ntabakuze, Escadron A ya Bn Recce ya Lt Sagahutu, 1 Bn CI Bugesera ya Major BEM Musonera n’izindi. Iyo mitwe y’ingabo yashoboye gusunika ingabo za FPR izikura i Ngarama na Mimuli nyuma y’imirwano ikomeye.

Mu gace ka Gabiro ho ibintu byari bitarasobanuka neza kuko Lt Col Rwanyagasore byamugoye gushobora guhuza ibikorwa by’uruvange rw’ingabo zavaga mu mitwe y’ingabo itandukanye ndetse harimo n’ingabo za Zaïre. Byabaye ngombwa ko asimburwa na Major BEMS Rwendeye naho ingabo za Zaïre zisubira iwabo. Ingabo za FAR zashoboye gusubirana Gabiro ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1990, ariko zahise zihatakaza na none ndetse n’igitero cyo gushaka kuhasubirana ku ya 17 Ukwakira nticyagira icyo kigeraho. Muri ako gace uretse Bn Recce harwaniraga za Bn Huye, Bn Ruhengeli zashoboye guhagarika inkotanyi mu bukomane bwa Nyakayaga.

Mu gace ka Ngarama, ho ingabo za Col BEM Nsabimana zakomeje kwegera imbere nyuma yo gufata Mimuri, Rukomo, Muvumba na Nyagatare iyo mitwe y’ingabo ifatanije n’abasirikare ba Cie Byumba bari bayobowe na Commandant Léodomir Mugaragu ku ya 20 Ukwakira bateye amahuriro y’imihanda ya Ryabega bashobora kuhafata ndetse hagwa n’abasirikare benshi ba FPR hanafatwa n’ibikoresho bya gisirikare byinshi birimo za 107mm Katiyusha, 37 mm Bitube n’izindi. Muri ako gace bivugwa ko ari ho haguye ba Major Chris Bunyenyezi na Major Peter Bayingana.

Iki gitero cya Ryabega cyaciyemo kabiri ingabo za FPR bityo ingabo za FPR zari zakomeje iya Gabiro zibura uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho no gusubira inyuma i Kagitumba. Ingabo zari mu gace ka Gabiro zari ziyobowe na Major BEMS Rwendeye zahise ziboneraho zifata Kabarore na Gabiro ku ya 24 Ukwakira maze inkotanyi zisigaye zinyanyagira mu ishyamba rya pariki y’Akagera.

Major BEMS Rwendeye na za Burende ze bakomeje kwegera imbere bahurira n’ingabo zari ziyobowe na Colonel BEM Nsabimana i Ryabega na Ntoma maze batera Nyabwishongezi, Rwempasha na Matimba ahagana ku ya 30 Ukwakira bari basubiranye Kagitumba.

Inkotanyi zari zanyanyagiye muri pariki y’Akagera zagabweho ibitero zimwe zirahagwa indi zambuka umugezi w’Akagera zihungira muri Tanzaniya, Inzirabwoba zakomeje igikorwa yo kuzihumbahumba muri Pariki y’Akagera kugeza zifashe ikigo cya Namuhemure ku buryo mu ntangiriro z’Ukuboza 1990 nta nkotanyi zari zisigaye mu ishyamba ry’Akagera. Muri ibyo bikorwa byo guhumbahumba inkotanyi zasigaye mu Kagera niho bamwe mu basirikare ba FAR bakomeye baguye mu mutego bitaba Imana, aha twavuga ba Lt Colonel BEMS Rwendeye, Commandant Dr Ntamuhanga, Adjudant Chef Ass Med Habiyaremye.

Ingabo za FPR zahise zihindura uburyo bwo kurwana, zikajya zigaba ibitero shuma byo kunaniza aba FAR nyuma zigahungira ku butaka bwa Uganda, kuva muri Muvumba kugeza mu birunga.

Byegeranyijwe na

Marc Matabaro

The Rwandan

Ku batutsi mwese mutazi ukuri namwe mukuzi, nagira ngo mbibutse ko ibyo twakoreye abahutu bitazigera biduhira kandi inzira iri hafi kugera mu nzu kuko twe abatutsi dushyira mu gaciro twasanze ibyo twakoreye abahutu duhuje ururimi ari amahano. Mwibuke ko ku giti cy’inyoni no mu nterahamwe twihishemo bihagije kugira ngo turimbure abahutu ku bwinshi n'abatutsi ariko byose bikandikwa kuri perezida Habyarimana kugeza apfuye azize ukuri.

Dore gahunda ndende muzo twapanze mu nama nyinshi njya mbabwira mukampakanya: taliki 23/03/1989 i Kampala saa sita zijoro na taliki 16/09/1990 niho twahereye twica ABANYIGINYA bose bitambikaga imbere yacu kuko umugambi wacu wari uwo kuryanisha abahutu ubundi tukabinjirira tugafata igihugu; ubundi tukabica urubozo.

Burya rero umututsi mwiza umumenya iyo apfuye kuko twahemukiye abahutu turangije tugurisha urwatubyaye ku mahanga kandi bo [abanyamahanga] ntawe ubashuka ngo bakunde. Mu Rwanda habaye intambara itegurwa n'impande zitandukanye zinayifitemo inyungu zitandukanye buri wese akeneye kugera ku nyungu ze ku bwinshi atitaye ku bizangirika!

Iyo yari iy’akarere kose ariko igomba gutangirira mu Rwanda ikazarangirira muri Tanzaniya inyuze muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo no mu Burundi! Iyo mu Rwanda yateguwe mu byiciro bibiri hanateganywa ko hazagwamo inzirakarengane 250,000 habariwemo 50,000 z’abatutsi! Iyo yari gahunda y’agateganyo ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika nyamara Kagame, Museveni, Rwigema na Nyerere buri umwe yari yibikiye agakoryo azakoramo harimo no gucengana!

Ibi byose rero benshi ntibabizi bibwira ngo abahutu ni abicanyi ngo barishe bikarangirira aho. Birumvikana ko impamvu yagombaga gushakwa: ikibazo cy'impunzi na demokarasi nibyo byaje imbere! Nyamara Habyarimana yahise abambura izo mpamvu yemera ko impunzi ibishaka itaha hasigara ikibazo cyo kubakira n’aho bazaba n’ikizabatunga.

Yagombaga gufashwamo na LONI! Muri Nyakanga 1990 hashyizweho itsinda riyobowe na Fred Rwigema ryari rifite intego yitwa “NGWINO UREBE USUBIREYO UBABWIRE BATAHE” iryo tsinda ryari riyobowe na Gen. Fred Rwigema ryagombaga gusesekara mu Rwanda ku taliki 29/10/1990.

Paul Kagame yifuzaga ubutegetsi budasangiwe yagombaga gufata amennye amazi yuzuye ikirahure kugirango abone aho asuka andi! Fred Rwigema yumvaga hakorwa intambara ariko mu gihe gito(guerre eclaire) ariko itaguyemo abasivile kandi yarangira abahutu n’abatutsi bagasangira ubutegetsi! Julius Nyerere yabibonaga kimwe na Rwigema ariko we ashishikajwe no kwica perezida Habyarimana agahorera perezida Gregoire Kayibanda kugira ngo mu Rwanda hajyeho ubutegetsi bwa gisosiyalisiti.

Perezida Joel Kaguta Museveni we yabyumvaga kimwe na Paul Kagame akifuza ko hajyaho Capitalism sauvage (ubutegetsi bunyunyuza abaturage kugera aho bazicuza icyo bavukiye). Amerika yishakiraga amabuye y’akarere na Capitalism. Ubwongereza bwishakiraga amabuye y’agaciro no gushyira icyongereza mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari!

Babanje gutegura intambara: Hakozwe udutero shuma twiba inka mu Mutara no kureba uko umwanzi(MRND) abyifatamo. Bashyizeho abicanyi baca imitwe abanyarwanda igapakirwa mu mifuka hejuru bakahashyira amashu ngo babone uko babicisha ku mipaka muri za 1988! Nibyo byiswe “guca amashu”! Utwo duhanga twari utwo kwereka amahanga ko ubutegetsi buri mu Rwanda ari abicanyi

RANU (UNAR) bayisimbuje FPR mu 1987. Perezida Museveni wa Uganda yashizeho ikipe y’abicanyi muri 1989 yagombaga kurasa perezida Juvenal Habyarimana noneho bigakurikirwa n’akavuyo bakakinjiriramo bagafata igihugu!

Ariko kubera ukuntu perezida Habyarimana imbere mu gihugu yari arinzwe cyane kandi akunzwe n’abaturage cyane byageze muri Werurwe 1990 abicanyi ba Museveni barabuze aho bamenera ngo bamwice biba ngombwa ko gahunda y’uburyo intambara yapanzwe isubirwamo.

Hemejwe ko, aho kubanza kwica Habyarimana intambara igatangira, ahubwo hagomba kubanza intambara yatuma habaho imishyikirano ya nyirarureshwa igatuma Habyarimana asohoka muri rwa rukuta ruhora rumurinze imbere mu gihugu noneho akajya hanze akarasirwayo! Yamara gupfa hagakorwa intambara yeruye maze umuleti ukaribwa amagi abanje kumeneka nk’uko Paul Kagame na Tito Rutaremara batahwemye kubivuga batyo nta n’icyo bokanga! Niko byagenze!

Umuryango mpuzamahanga nawo wari witeguye: Mu 1989 muri Leta ya Floride muri USA habaye inama ifatirwamo imyanzuro ko igiciro cy’ikawa ituruka mu Rwanda gitakaza 50% kugira ngo intambara nitangira habe ibibazo by’ubukungu, bityo gutsinda habyarimana byihute ndetse n’abaturage bivumbure ku butegetsi kuko ikawa niyo yari igize hafi 80% by’ibyoherezwa hanze byinjiza amadevize mu Rwanda!

Mu Ugushyingo 1988 itsinda rya Banki y’Isi ryagiye mu Rwanda ritegeka ko haba Devaluation(Kugabanya agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu), habayeho kugurisha ibyitwa ibya Leta ku bikorera ku giti cyabo! Habayeho guhagarika indishyi zihabwa abahinzi b’ibyoherezwa hanze(ikawa. icyayi, ibireti,…), guhagarika ibyo kugurira abaturage ikawa yabuze isoko no kuvanaho quota d'exportation ituma ibiciro bidahindagurika!

Habayeho kwirukana abakozi bamwe ba Leta bituma harandurwa ibiti by’ikawa zirenga 320,000 mu gihugu urubyiruko rw’abashomeri rutangira kwiroha mu mugi, noneho bahita bategeka perezida Habyarimana kwemera amashyaka menshi rwa rubyiruko rujya mu mashyaka amurwanya kugira ngo ruzakoreshwe mu bikorwa byo guteza akaduruvayo mu mijyi no kuzitabira ubwicanyi bwibasira imbaga!

Byatumye kandi u Rwanda nk’igihugu kitemeraga ibiribwa byinshi biturutse hanze gihinduka “WAMFUNGURIYE”; inzara za Gikongoro ziratongora ni uko bapfukamisha igihugu gitangira gufata amadeni bitari bikunze kubaho ku buryo mu myaka 2 gusa amadeni u Rwanda rwatse mu mahanga yiyongereyeho 34.3%!

Batangira kukiyoboza telecommande kuko uko bateshaga ifaranga ry’igihugu agaciro ni nako ibiciro kwu isoko byarushagaho gutumbagira ibintu bigahenda abaturage bakifata mapfubyi kuko ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhah bwari buto cyane ugereranije n’imiterere y’ibiciro ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu. Niko byagenze mu 1993 imyumbati, amasaka, ibishyimbo biteshwa agaciro.

Mu ngamba z’urugamba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora icyaha ugahita ucyorosaho ntikimenyekane cyangwa cyanamenyekana ntikikwitirirwe ahubwo kikagerekwa ku bandi batagikoze. Ku ruhande rumwe bicaga abatutsi bihinduye nk'ingabo za Habyarimana ngo igisebo kimufate bityo babone n’uko babyutsa imirwano niba hari habayeho agahenge kumvikanyweho ku mpande zombi!

Ni uko bishe abahima 1000 mu Mutara. Ni uko bishe abagogwe Kabatwa ya Mutura ku Gisenyi bibahesha kubura intambara yatumye hahunga miloyoni irenga y’abaturage mu majyaruguru na Nyacyonga! Ubundi buryo bakoresheje ni ugushumuriza abahutu abatutsi! Inkotanyi zihinduraga abatutsi b'imbere mu gihugu bagakindura abahutu kugira ngo bihorere ku batutsi maze FPR ibone ibirego!

Niko byagenze muri Kibirira ya Gisenyi. Baracengera bica Conseiller banica umusirikare wari muri Conge bihinduye nk'abatutsi ba Kibirira bituma bameneshwa bahungira za Rutchuru na Masisi muri Zaire y’icyo gihe! Ni nako byagenze i Bugesera. Inkotanyi zihinduye abatutsi ba Bugesera zica zinatega mine ku kararo kajyaga kwa Bourgmestre Rwambuka wa Kanzenze wabaga no muri Comite central ya MRND.

Mu Bugesera kandi bateze igisasu muri taxi ya Commanda wayoboraga ikigo cya gisirikari cya Gako. Iyo taxi yarimo abanyaGisenyi 18 bo mu muryango we (komanda wa Gako) bose barapfa ntiharokoka n’uwo kubara inkuru babikora bihinduye abatutsi bakomoka mu Bugesera boherejwe n'ababyeyi babo mu nkotanyi! Abahutu baho barakaye bahitana abatutsi 300 b’inzirakarengane noneho perezida Habyarimana bimusaba koherezayo ABAJEPE bamurindaga ngo bihagarare!

Mbere gato y’uko biba, ishyaka ry'abatutsi rya PL ryari ryahakoze meeting yo gusobanurira abahutu rikurikirana n’iyahakozwe na MDR ya Faustin Twagiramungu! Hakozwe kandi ibintu bibi nk’ubwicanyi bubi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi buhahamura abahutu bukanabatesha umutwe nko gusatura umuntu bagakoresha amara bariyeri nk’uko byabaye Ruhengeri na Byumba; nko gufomoza umugore utwite bagasekura uruhinja bakarugaburira umuryango we ku buryo abarokotse bagenda babwira abandi ubwo bugome! Nicyo cyatumaga bazihunga cyane!

Inkotanyi zashoboye gukoresha abatutsi bari muri MRND nka KAJUGA Robert bahimba interahamwe maze komite iziyoboye yiganzamo abatutsi. Ibi byatumye amatsinda y’abakomando ba FPR binjizwa mu nterahamwe ari benshi cyane barazigarurira maze sugutanga imifano mu kwica abatutsi ziva hasi, hagira aho abatutsi bihagararaho Lt. Gen. Charles Kayonga akabaha ibikoresho na essance bagatwarayo interahamwe zikica, bo bagafata amafoto n’amashusho!

Inkotanyi kandi zari zarakoze amatsinda mu gihugu hose yitwa BRIGADES nyuma ahindurwamo ABAKADA! Aba bari banyanyagiye mu duce twose tw'igihugu ubuhuzabikorwa n’ibikoresho bikaba mu bigo by’Abihayimana! Niyo mpamvu abatutsi benshi birukiraga ku nsengero n'abihayimana bakabigwamo batabizi kuko bahasangaga za stocks z'intwaro!

Izi za Brigades nizo zacukuje bya byobo mujya mwumva byasanzwe mu ngo z'abatutsi cyangwa mu mirima yabo byacukuwe guhera mu kwa mbere 1994! Gahunda y'ibi byobo yari iteye ku buryo bukurikira : Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yagomba kwicwa taliki 8/4/1994 leta irimo FPR imaze kujyaho! Mu gihe cyo kwishimira kujyaho kwa Leta yari kuba ihuriweho na bose, perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yari kwicwa muri iryo joro binyuze muri Kudeta! Hari abatutsi bari bateguwe n’inkotanyi zari zateguwe mu kwica abahutu muri gahunda ya Punguza (kubagabanya) bakarohwa muri bya byobo!

Abatutsi batazi uwo mugambi nabo bari kubigenderamo kuko ababizi bari barahawe amafaranga menshi yo kuzakoresha iminsi mikuru mu ngo zabo bishimira gushyirwaho kwa Lwta ihuriweho n’amashyaka menshi bagatumira abaturanyi babo maze inkotanyi zikaza kubica bari mu birori zikabanaga muri bya byobo bikitirirwa ingabo za Habyarimana zamuhoreraga dore ko umututsi utari uzi ko iryo joro akaba kari bube nawe yari kwicwa kuko yari kuba ari umututsi ku mazuru gusa ariko mu mutima ari umuhutu!

Ubuhamya bw'umututsi k' ubwicanyi fpr yakoreye abahutu mu Rwanda

S/C DE L’ANONYMAT

Ku batutsi mwese mutazi ukuri namwe mukuzi, nagira ngo mbibutse ko ibyo twakoreye abahutu bitazigera biduhira kandi inzira iri hafi kugera mu nzu kuko twe abatutsi dushyira mu gaciro twasanze ibyo twakoreye abahutu duhuje ururimi ari amahano. Mwibuke ko ku giti cy’inyoni no mu nterahamwe twihishemo bihagije kugira ngo turimbure abahutu ku bwinshi n'abatutsi ariko byose bikandikwa kuri perezida Habyarimana kugeza apfuye azize ukuri.

Dore gahunda ndende muzo twapanze mu nama nyinshi njya mbabwira mukampakanya: taliki 23/03/1989 i Kampala saa sita zijoro na taliki 16/09/1990 niho twahereye twica ABANYIGINYA bose bitambikaga imbere yacu kuko umugambi wacu wari uwo kuryanisha abahutu ubundi tukabinjirira tugafata igihugu; ubundi tukabica urubozo.

Burya rero umututsi mwiza umumenya iyo apfuye kuko twahemukiye abahutu turangije tugurisha urwatubyaye ku mahanga kandi bo [abanyamahanga] ntawe ubashuka ngo bakunde. Mu Rwanda habaye intambara itegurwa n'impande zitandukanye zinayifitemo inyungu zitandukanye buri wese akeneye kugera ku nyungu ze ku bwinshi atitaye ku bizangirika!

Iyo yari iy’akarere kose ariko igomba gutangirira mu Rwanda ikazarangirira muri Tanzaniya inyuze muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo no mu Burundi! Iyo mu Rwanda yateguwe mu byiciro bibiri hanateganywa ko hazagwamo inzirakarengane 250,000 habariwemo 50,000 z’abatutsi! Iyo yari gahunda y’agateganyo ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika nyamara Kagame, Museveni, Rwigema na Nyerere buri umwe yari yibikiye agakoryo azakoramo harimo no gucengana!

Ibi byose rero benshi ntibabizi bibwira ngo abahutu ni abicanyi ngo barishe bikarangirira aho. Birumvikana ko impamvu yagombaga gushakwa: ikibazo cy'impunzi na demokarasi nibyo byaje imbere! Nyamara Habyarimana yahise abambura izo mpamvu yemera ko impunzi ibishaka itaha hasigara ikibazo cyo kubakira n’aho bazaba n’ikizabatunga.

Yagombaga gufashwamo na LONI! Muri Nyakanga 1990 hashyizweho itsinda riyobowe na Fred Rwigema ryari rifite intego yitwa “NGWINO UREBE USUBIREYO UBABWIRE BATAHE” iryo tsinda ryari riyobowe na Gen. Fred Rwigema ryagombaga gusesekara mu Rwanda ku taliki 29/10/1990.

Paul Kagame yifuzaga ubutegetsi budasangiwe yagombaga gufata amennye amazi yuzuye ikirahure kugirango abone aho asuka andi! Fred Rwigema yumvaga hakorwa intambara ariko mu gihe gito(guerre eclaire) ariko itaguyemo abasivile kandi yarangira abahutu n’abatutsi bagasangira ubutegetsi! Julius Nyerere yabibonaga kimwe na Rwigema ariko we ashishikajwe no kwica perezida Habyarimana agahorera perezida Gregoire Kayibanda kugira ngo mu Rwanda hajyeho ubutegetsi bwa gisosiyalisiti.

Perezida Joel Kaguta Museveni we yabyumvaga kimwe na Paul Kagame akifuza ko hajyaho Capitalism sauvage (ubutegetsi bunyunyuza abaturage kugera aho bazicuza icyo bavukiye). Amerika yishakiraga amabuye y’akarere na Capitalism. Ubwongereza bwishakiraga amabuye y’agaciro no gushyira icyongereza mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari!

Babanje gutegura intambara: Hakozwe udutero shuma twiba inka mu Mutara no kureba uko umwanzi(MRND) abyifatamo. Bashyizeho abicanyi baca imitwe abanyarwanda igapakirwa mu mifuka hejuru bakahashyira amashu ngo babone uko babicisha ku mipaka muri za 1988! Nibyo byiswe “guca amashu”! Utwo duhanga twari utwo kwereka amahanga ko ubutegetsi buri mu Rwanda ari abicanyi

RANU (UNAR) bayisimbuje FPR mu 1987. Perezida Museveni wa Uganda yashizeho ikipe y’abicanyi muri 1989 yagombaga kurasa perezida Juvenal Habyarimana noneho bigakurikirwa n’akavuyo bakakinjiriramo bagafata igihugu!

Ariko kubera ukuntu perezida Habyarimana imbere mu gihugu yari arinzwe cyane kandi akunzwe n’abaturage cyane byageze muri Werurwe 1990 abicanyi ba Museveni barabuze aho bamenera ngo bamwice biba ngombwa ko gahunda y’uburyo intambara yapanzwe isubirwamo.

Hemejwe ko, aho kubanza kwica Habyarimana intambara igatangira, ahubwo hagomba kubanza intambara yatuma habaho imishyikirano ya nyirarureshwa igatuma Habyarimana asohoka muri rwa rukuta ruhora rumurinze imbere mu gihugu noneho akajya hanze akarasirwayo! Yamara gupfa hagakorwa intambara yeruye maze umuleti ukaribwa amagi abanje kumeneka nk’uko Paul Kagame na Tito Rutaremara batahwemye kubivuga batyo nta n’icyo bokanga! Niko byagenze!

Umuryango mpuzamahanga nawo wari witeguye: Mu 1989 muri Leta ya Floride muri USA habaye inama ifatirwamo imyanzuro ko igiciro cy’ikawa ituruka mu Rwanda gitakaza 50% kugira ngo intambara nitangira habe ibibazo by’ubukungu, bityo gutsinda habyarimana byihute ndetse n’abaturage bivumbure ku butegetsi kuko ikawa niyo yari igize hafi 80% by’ibyoherezwa hanze byinjiza amadevize mu Rwanda!

Mu Ugushyingo 1988 itsinda rya Banki y’Isi ryagiye mu Rwanda ritegeka ko haba Devaluation(Kugabanya agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu), habayeho kugurisha ibyitwa ibya Leta ku bikorera ku giti cyabo! Habayeho guhagarika indishyi zihabwa abahinzi b’ibyoherezwa hanze(ikawa. icyayi, ibireti,…), guhagarika ibyo kugurira abaturage ikawa yabuze isoko no kuvanaho quota d'exportation ituma ibiciro bidahindagurika!

Habayeho kwirukana abakozi bamwe ba Leta bituma harandurwa ibiti by’ikawa zirenga 320,000 mu gihugu urubyiruko rw’abashomeri rutangira kwiroha mu mugi, noneho bahita bategeka perezida Habyarimana kwemera amashyaka menshi rwa rubyiruko rujya mu mashyaka amurwanya kugira ngo ruzakoreshwe mu bikorwa byo guteza akaduruvayo mu mijyi no kuzitabira ubwicanyi bwibasira imbaga!

Byatumye kandi u Rwanda nk’igihugu kitemeraga ibiribwa byinshi biturutse hanze gihinduka “WAMFUNGURIYE”; inzara za Gikongoro ziratongora ni uko bapfukamisha igihugu gitangira gufata amadeni bitari bikunze kubaho ku buryo mu myaka 2 gusa amadeni u Rwanda rwatse mu mahanga yiyongereyeho 34.3%!

Batangira kukiyoboza telecommande kuko uko bateshaga ifaranga ry’igihugu agaciro ni nako ibiciro kwu isoko byarushagaho gutumbagira ibintu bigahenda abaturage bakifata mapfubyi kuko ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhah bwari buto cyane ugereranije n’imiterere y’ibiciro ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu. Niko byagenze mu 1993 imyumbati, amasaka, ibishyimbo biteshwa agaciro.

Mu ngamba z’urugamba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukora icyaha ugahita ucyorosaho ntikimenyekane cyangwa cyanamenyekana ntikikwitirirwe ahubwo kikagerekwa ku bandi batagikoze. Ku ruhande rumwe bicaga abatutsi bihinduye nk'ingabo za Habyarimana ngo igisebo kimufate bityo babone n’uko babyutsa imirwano niba hari habayeho agahenge kumvikanyweho ku mpande zombi!

Ni uko bishe abahima 1000 mu Mutara. Ni uko bishe abagogwe Kabatwa ya Mutura ku Gisenyi bibahesha kubura intambara yatumye hahunga miloyoni irenga y’abaturage mu majyaruguru na Nyacyonga! Ubundi buryo bakoresheje ni ugushumuriza abahutu abatutsi! Inkotanyi zihinduraga abatutsi b'imbere mu gihugu bagakindura abahutu kugira ngo bihorere ku batutsi maze FPR ibone ibirego!

Niko byagenze muri Kibirira ya Gisenyi. Baracengera bica Conseiller banica umusirikare wari muri Conge bihinduye nk'abatutsi ba Kibirira bituma bameneshwa bahungira za Rutchuru na Masisi muri Zaire y’icyo gihe! Ni nako byagenze i Bugesera. Inkotanyi zihinduye abatutsi ba Bugesera zica zinatega mine ku kararo kajyaga kwa Bourgmestre Rwambuka wa Kanzenze wabaga no muri Comite central ya MRND.

Mu Bugesera kandi bateze igisasu muri taxi ya Commanda wayoboraga ikigo cya gisirikari cya Gako. Iyo taxi yarimo abanyaGisenyi 18 bo mu muryango we (komanda wa Gako) bose barapfa ntiharokoka n’uwo kubara inkuru babikora bihinduye abatutsi bakomoka mu Bugesera boherejwe n'ababyeyi babo mu nkotanyi! Abahutu baho barakaye bahitana abatutsi 300 b’inzirakarengane noneho perezida Habyarimana bimusaba koherezayo ABAJEPE bamurindaga ngo bihagarare!

Mbere gato y’uko biba, ishyaka ry'abatutsi rya PL ryari ryahakoze meeting yo gusobanurira abahutu rikurikirana n’iyahakozwe na MDR ya Faustin Twagiramungu! Hakozwe kandi ibintu bibi nk’ubwicanyi bubi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi buhahamura abahutu bukanabatesha umutwe nko gusatura umuntu bagakoresha amara bariyeri nk’uko byabaye Ruhengeri na Byumba; nko gufomoza umugore utwite bagasekura uruhinja bakarugaburira umuryango we ku buryo abarokotse bagenda babwira abandi ubwo bugome! Nicyo cyatumaga bazihunga cyane!

Inkotanyi zashoboye gukoresha abatutsi bari muri MRND nka KAJUGA Robert bahimba interahamwe maze komite iziyoboye yiganzamo abatutsi. Ibi byatumye amatsinda y’abakomando ba FPR binjizwa mu nterahamwe ari benshi cyane barazigarurira maze sugutanga imifano mu kwica abatutsi ziva hasi, hagira aho abatutsi bihagararaho Lt. Gen. Charles Kayonga akabaha ibikoresho na essance bagatwarayo interahamwe zikica, bo bagafata amafoto n’amashusho!

Inkotanyi kandi zari zarakoze amatsinda mu gihugu hose yitwa BRIGADES nyuma ahindurwamo ABAKADA! Aba bari banyanyagiye mu duce twose tw'igihugu ubuhuzabikorwa n’ibikoresho bikaba mu bigo by’Abihayimana! Niyo mpamvu abatutsi benshi birukiraga ku nsengero n'abihayimana bakabigwamo batabizi kuko bahasangaga za stocks z'intwaro!

Izi za Brigades nizo zacukuje bya byobo mujya mwumva byasanzwe mu ngo z'abatutsi cyangwa mu mirima yabo byacukuwe guhera mu kwa mbere 1994! Gahunda y'ibi byobo yari iteye ku buryo bukurikira : Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yagomba kwicwa taliki 8/4/1994 leta irimo FPR imaze kujyaho! Mu gihe cyo kwishimira kujyaho kwa Leta yari kuba ihuriweho na bose, perezida Juvenal Habyarimana yari kwicwa muri iryo joro binyuze muri Kudeta! Hari abatutsi bari bateguwe n’inkotanyi zari zateguwe mu kwica abahutu muri gahunda ya Punguza (kubagabanya) bakarohwa muri bya byobo!

Abatutsi batazi uwo mugambi nabo bari kubigenderamo kuko ababizi bari barahawe amafaranga menshi yo kuzakoresha iminsi mikuru mu ngo zabo bishimira gushyirwaho kwa Lwta ihuriweho n’amashyaka menshi bagatumira abaturanyi babo maze inkotanyi zikaza kubica bari mu birori zikabanaga muri bya byobo bikitirirwa ingabo za Habyarimana zamuhoreraga dore ko umututsi utari uzi ko iryo joro akaba kari bube nawe yari kwicwa kuko yari kuba ari umututsi ku mazuru gusa ariko mu mutima ari umuhutu!

S/C DE L’ANONYMAT

Ibyo mutamenye ku rugamba rwa nyuma rw’Inzirabwoba Source:http://www.therwandan.com/ki/ibyo-mutamenye-ku-rugamba-rwa-nyuma-rwinzirabwoba-igice-cya-mbere/

Opération Champagne

Ibyo benshi batamenye ku rugamba rwo mu Kwakira 1990

Ibyo mutamenye ku rugamba rwa nyuma rw’Inzirabwoba
Source:http://www.therwandan.com/ki/ibyo-mutamenye-ku-rugamba-rwa-nyuma-rwinzirabwoba-igice-cya-mbere/