Mu rwego rw’umushinga w’ubwanditsi “Ibirari by’amateka,” ukora ubushakashatsi ku banyarwanda bamenyekanye cyane mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri,” iyi nyandiko iravuga kuri Kabare, Ndungutse, Rukara na Basebya.

KABARE

Kabare ni musaza w’umugabekazi Kanjogera muka Rwabugiri. Azwi cyane nk’umuntu wagize urahare rukomeye mu gukura ku ngoma umwami Mibambwe IV Rutalindwa no kwimika Yuhi V Musinga. Kabare niwe wahagarariye umwami Musinga mu gusinya amasezerano n’uBudage mu mwaka w’1899. Muri ayo masezerano Abadage bari baremeye kurinda umwami Musinga abanzi bose bashaka guhirika ubutegetsi bwe, naho we akabitura ayoboka umwami w’abami w’uBudage.

Kabare kandi yabaye mu ba mbere ibwami bahaye agaciro ibyo kwiga ubumenyi bw’abazungu. Bivugwa ko ari we wasabye abapadiri bera gushinga ishuri i Nyanza. Iryo shuri ngo n’umwami Musinga yaryigiyemo gusoma no kwandika. Uretse Musinga kandi, abana be uhereye kuri Rudahigwa imfura ye nabo baryizemo.

NDUNGUTSE (* – 13.04.1912)

Umwami Rutalindwa amaze kwicirwa ku Rucunshu mu mwaka w’1896, benshi mu bari bamushyigikiye barishwe abandi barahunga. Ndungutse yabwiye abantu ko ari umwana wa Rutalindwa, yemeza ko yafashe umugambi wo guhorera se akica Musinga maze akaba umwami. Amaze gutsinda abatutsi b’Abatsobe bari barishe se, yasigaye ahanganye n’ingabo nyinshi ngo zari zikambitse hagati ya misiyoni ya Rwaza n’umurwa wa Kigali. Ahagana mu ntangiriro z’umwaka w’1912, Ndungutse yafatanyije na Basebya kurwanya umwami Musinga.

Ndungutse yashatse kwiyegereza abapadiri bera babaga kuri misiyoni ya Rwaza, bamubwira ko batashobora gucudika nawe kandi acumbikiye Rukara wishe mwene wabo. Ndungutse yaje kugambanira Rukara, abasirikari b’abazungu bamufata ubwo yari ari kubuguza na Ndungutse ntacyo yishisha. Amaze kubona ko yagambaniwe, yafashwe, ngo yaheneye Ndungutse amuvuma kuzapfa atimye ingoma i Rwanda.

Akimara kugambanira Rukara, Ndungutse ubwe yatewe n’ingabo zigera ku bihumbi bitatu zari ziyobowe na Rezida Gudoviyusi maze yicwa kuya 13 Mata 1912. Benshi mu bamurwaniraga nabo barishwe, abagore batwarwa bunyago.

RUKARA (* – 18.04.1912)

Rukara wateruraga icyivugo cye agira ati: “Rukara rw’igikundiro urwa Semukanya Intahana batatu ya Rutamu”, ni mwene Bishingwe na Nyirakavumbi. Yavukiye mu Gahunga ho mu Burera ku ngoma y’umwami Rwabugiri. Se wa Rukara Bishingwe yari umutware w’ingabo z’Abarashi zari zizwi cyane ku bwami bwa Rwabugiri. Rukara yasimbuye se ku buyobozi bw’Abarashi. Musinga amaze gusimbura Rutalindwa nyuma y’amahano yo ku Rucunshu, Rukara yamwigometseho yanga kumuyoboka. Musinga yifashishije ingabo z’abadage zari ziyobowe na Rezida Gudoviyusi zamufashije gutsinda abamurwanyaga mu majyaruguru y’uRwanda.

Uretse kwigomeka kuri Musinga, Rukara yarwanyije abazungu cyane abapadiri bera bafataga amasambu y’abaturage uko bishakiye. Yanze kuyoboka idini ryabo, akomeza kuba umuyoboke wa Nyabingi. Umupadiri wera Pawulini Lupiyasi abanyarwanda bise Rugigana wabaga muri misiyoni ya Rwaza, ngo ku busabe bw’umwami Musinga yagiye guca urubanza rwa Rukara n’umututsi Rukara yari yaranyaze inka. Mu gihe ngo yarimo aca urwo rubanza, uwo mupadiri ngo yakubise Rukara urushyi, undi nawe ahita amufata ngo aramwivugana. Amaze kumwica, Rukara yahungiye ku witwa Ndungutse nawe ngo wari warigometse ku mwami Musinga akaba yarabaga mu Ndorwa. Ariko uwo Ndungutse yaje kugambanira Rukara afatwa n’abasirikari b’abadage, agira ngo abe yabana neza n’abapadiri bera babaga i Rwaza.

Kuya 17 Mata 1912, Rezida Gudoviyusi yanyuze i Rwaza kuri misiyoni yerekeza mu Ruhengeri. Ngo yari afite Rukara wari uboshye, bakaba bari bagiye kumucira urubanza mu Ruhengeri. Byari biteganyijwe ko amanikwa ku munsi wari gukurikiraho wo kuwa 18 Mata 1912. Rezida ngo yifuzaga kwicira Rukara mu Murera, kugira ngo bibere ikimenyetso abandi bose bashoboraga gutekereza kwigomeka ku mwami no ku bazungu, ko nabo bizabagendekera nka Rukara.

Ku tariki ya 18 Mata 1912, mu Ruhengeri imbere y’ikivunge cy’abantu baturutse imihanda yose n’ingabo zigera ku bihumbi 3000 ngo habaye urubanza maze hemezwa ko Rukara rwa Bishingwe amanikwa. Igihe yari agiye kumanikwa, Rukara wari uri mu minyururu yabashije kwaka igisu umusirikari w’umudage wari umuri hafi akimutera mu byano by’ibitugu aramwivugana. Abandi basirikari bahise barasa Rukara ahita nawe apfa. Nguko uko Rukara yapfuye yisasiye abazungu babiri (umupadiri w’umufaransa amuziza agasuzuguro n’umusirikari w’umudage arikwanga kumanikwa) aribyo byamugize ikirangirire.

BASEBYA (*- 15.05.1912)

Basebya ba Nyirantwari yigometse ku mwami Musinga aba ikirangirire mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda. Mu mwaka w’1900 ingabo ziyobowe n’abazungu batanu b’abadage zagiye kumurwanya ntizabasha kumutsinda. Yagendaga nijoro, ku manywa akihisha. Yari afite abatasi ku buryo yamenyaga ibyo abamuhiga bateganyije byose. Nyuma yaje kwihuza na Ndungutse bafatanya kurwanya umwami.

Ndungutse amaze kwicwa, Basebya yabashije guhunga. Abamuhigaga ariko baje kumenya aho ari, maze kuya 13 Gicurasi 1912, Rezida Godiyusi yohereza umutware Rwubusisi hamwe n’abasirikari bari bigize abacuruzi. Basebya yabakiriye nta nkomyi, maze abasirikari baramufata bahita bamushyira mu mapingu. Ingabo ze zashatse kumurwanira ariko kubera imbunda z’abazungu, bararekera. Kuya 15 Gicurasi, Basebya yarasiwe i Kibali, maze Rezida Godiyusi asezerera ingabo avuga ko intambara yo mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda irangiye.

Mu gusoza iyi nyandiko, abayanditse ntitwabura kwisegura ku basomyi, twemezako amateka tuvuga ashobora kuba atuzuye. Hari ibyaba biyaburamo. Tukaba tuboneyeho gusaba uwari we wese waba aturusha kuyamenya, kuzatugezaho ibibuzemo, yerekana aho yabikuye hizewe, maze kugirango tubisangize, abashobora gusoma ikinyarwanda, bifuza kumenya ayo makuru. Biragaragara ko hari nk’amatariki abura, y’igihe bamwe mubo tuvuga bavukiye cyangwa bitabiye Imana. Uwashaka rero kutwunganira yatwandikira kuri email ziri hano mu mpera z’inyandiko.

Byanditswe na

Maniragena Valensi
Email: valencem@mail.ru

Nzeyimana Ambrozi
Email: ambromann@hotmail.com